Host proteins used
by the influenza virus during its life cycle.
- HA = hemagglutinin
- NA = neuraminidase
- NP = nucleoprotein M1 and M2 = Matrix proteins
- NS1 and also NEP (different reading frames from the same RNA).
- PA = RNA polymerase.
- PB1 = RNA polymerase and PB1-F2 (different reading frame from the
same RNA)
- PB2 = RNA polymerase.
If you know of other interactions, (or corrections) please
with Pubmed ID, gene symbol/accession number and viral interacting protein.
Thank you.
- The virus binds preferentially to alpha2,3- and alpha2,6-linked N-acetyl
neuraminic acid bonded to a carbohydrate moiety of a glycoprotein or
glycolipid. Meng
et al, 2010 Many host receptors contain such moeties PubChem
Sialic acids
- The asian strain hemagglutinin binds to sialic acid a major component
of airway receptors Chua
and Chai, 2012.
- The virus may also bind to sialic acid residues on other pathogens
enabling cooperativity between pathogens: for example: Capsular
sialic acid of Streptococcus suis serotype 2 binds to swine influenza
virus Wang
et al, 2013
- 6'-sialyl(N-acetyllactosamine) binds to H1 and H3 viruses Gambaryan
et al, 1997
- Viruses with A/NWS/33 hemagglutinin also bind to alpha2,8-linked sialic
acid Wu
and Air, 2004.
- The influenza C virus hemagglutinin-esterase is a membrane-bound glycoprotein
that binds specifically to 9-O-acetylated sialic acids Klein
et al, 19
- 17-beta oestradiol protects females from viral pathogenesis by suppressing
inflammation, acting via ESR1 Robinson
et al, 2011
- A2M alpha-2-macroglobulin neutralises the virus in serum Ryan-Poirier
and Kawaoka, 1993 component of the macrophage inflammasome during
viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- AATK apoptosis-associated tyrosine kinase : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ABCB1 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 1: Cells
overexpressing P-glycoprotein are resistant to infection Raviv
et al, 2000
- ABCB10 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP), member 10: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010 .............. ATP
Cassette database
- ABCC6 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family C (CFTR/MRP), member 6 siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ABCF1 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family F (GCN20), member 1: component
of the macrophage inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- ABL1 ABL proto-oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase:Viral NS1
proteins from avian influenza viruses inhibit ABL1 Hrincius
et al, 2015
- ABLIM1 actin-binding LIM protein 1: binds to viral PA protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- ACACA Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007 ACACA siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary
hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ACAP2 ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 2 : facilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- ACE angiotensin converting enzyme ACE-transfected fibroblasts were
more efficient than wild-type cells in trimming the carboxyl extensions
of influenza-derived peptides into MHC class I-presented peptides recognized
by CD8+ cytotoxic lymphocytes Eisenlohr
et al, 1992
- ACE2 angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 : ACE2 cleavage regulated by
influenza neuraminidase Liu
et al, 2014
- Acetyl coenzyme A: binds to viral PB2 protein Hatakeyama
et al, 2014
- ACOT9 acyl-CoA thioesterase 9: binds to viral PA protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- ACOT13 acyl-CoA thioesterase 13 : binds to the nucleoprotein from
a swine and human influenza virus Generous
et al, 2014
- ACRC acidic repeat containing : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- Acrolein and glutaraldehyde have antiviral properties Bachrach
et al, 1971
- ACTB actin, beta interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein complex
Mayer
et al, 2007
- ACTC1 actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 : Involved in early steps of
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ACTN4 Actinin 4: Interacts with the viral nucleoprotein Sharma
et al, 2014
- ACVR1C activin A receptor, type IC: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ACVR2A : Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- ADA adenosine deaminase : Viral infection induces 170-fold increase
in ADA activity and a 400-fold increase in Xanthine oxidase activity
in alveolar fluid , a system respondible for free radical generation
and toxicity Akaike
et al, 1990
- ADAM20 ADAM metallopeptidase domain 20: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- ADAMTS2 ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 2
: Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ADAMTSL4 ADAMTS-like 4 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- ADAP1 ArfGAP with dual PH domains 1 (Ex CENTA1) siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ADAR1 adenosine deaminase, RNA-specific binds to NS1 Ngamurulert
et al, 2009
- ADCK4 aarF domain containing kinase 4: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- ADORA1 adenosine A1 receptor : bronchoalveolar epithelial ADORA1 activated
in influenza A virus-infected mice Aeffner
et al, 2014.
- ADRA1B adrenergic, alpha-1B-, receptor: Involved in early steps of
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ADRBK2 adrenergic, beta, receptor kinase 2: Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- AFF2 AF4/FMR2 family, member 2 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- AGAP4 ArfGAP with GTPase domain, ankyrin repeat and PH domain 4 (Ex
CTGLF1) siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- AGER advanced glycosylation end product-specific receptor: Knockout
mice are less sensitive to viral mortality and showed an improved viral
clearance and enhanced cellular T cell response and activation of neutrophils
van
Zoelen et al, 2009.
- AGFG1 ArfGAP with FG repeats 1 ( HIV-1 Rev binding protein) binds
to the nuclear export protein Eisfeld
et al, 2011
- AGK acylglycerol kinase: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- AGTRAP angiotensin II receptor-associated protein: Involved in early
steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- AHCYL1 adenosylhomocysteinase-like 1: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- AHR aryl-hydrocarbon receptor activation lowers dendritic cell function
during infection Jin
et al, 2010 AHR binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009
- AHSG alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein: component of the macrophage inflammasome
during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- AICDA activation-induced cytidine deaminase: Plays a role in viral
infection Harada
et al, 2003
- AIF1 allograft inflammatory factor 1 : component of the macrophage
inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- AIFM1 apoptosis-inducing factor, mitochondrion-associated, 1 component
of the viral polymerase Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- AIG1 androgen-induced 1: siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary
hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- AIMP1 aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional
protein 1: (SCYE1) component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral
infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- AIMP2 aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional
protein 2 : Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- AKAP8L A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 8-like: binds to polymerase
3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- AKAP10 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 10: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1
Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- AKAP13 A kinase (PRKA) anchor protein 13: Involved in early steps
of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- AKT1 v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog 1: facilitates host
cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene
Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- AKTIP AKT interacting protein : siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- ALDH2 aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 family (mitochondrial) : Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- ALOX5 arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase: component of the macrophage inflammasome
during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- ALPK2 alpha-kinase 2 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- ALYREF – Aly/REF export factor: interacts with the viral nucleoprotein
Balasubramaniam
et al, 2013
- AMN amnionless homolog (mouse): siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ANAPC2 anaphase promoting complex subunit 2 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ANKK1 ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ANKRD7 ankyrin repeat domain 7 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- ANKS1A ankyrin repeat and sterile alpha motif domain containing 1A:
facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random
Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- ANP32A acidic (leucine-rich) nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family, member
A: binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011 regulates influenza virus RNA synthesis from cRNA Sugiyama
et al, 2015.
- ANP32B acidic (leucine-rich) nuclear phosphoprotein 32 family, member
B: binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- ANPEP alanyl (membrane) aminopeptidase: Involved in early steps of
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ANXA1 annexin A1: component of the macrophage inflammasome during
viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- ANXA2 annexin A2: incorporated into the virus particles, playing a
role in plasminogen activation LeBouder
et al, 2008
- ANXA4 annexin A4: Virion component (proteomics study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- ANXA5 annexin A5: Virion component (proteomics study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- ANXA6 annexin A6 : Interacts with the viral M2 protein Ma
et al, 2011
- AP2M1 adaptor-related protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- APAF1 apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 The viral M1 protein
binds to Hsp70, resulting in reduced interaction between Hsp70 and Apaf-1
Halder
et al, 2011
- AP2M1 adaptor-related protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit : siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- APBB1IP amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein-binding, family B, member
1 interacting protein : siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary
hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- APC adenomatous polyposis coli : binds to PB1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- APC2 adenomatosis polyposis coli 2: Involved in early steps of viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- APCS amyloid P component, serum inhibits viral infection via hemagglutinin
binding Horváth
et al, 2001
- API5 apoptosis inhibitor 5 : the viral nucleoprotein interacts with
and suppresses the expression of API5, a host antiapoptotic protein
that antagonizes E2F1-dependent apoptosis Mayank
et al, 2015.
- APOA2 apolipoprotein A-II : component of the macrophage inflammasome
during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- APOE apolipoprotein E : component of the macrophage inflammasome during
viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- APOL2 apolipoprotein L, 2 component of the macrophage inflammasome
during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- APP amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (peptidase nexin-II, Alzheimer
disease) : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010 Beta-amyloid has antiviral properties White
et al, 2014
- AQP4 aquaporin 4 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- AR androgen receptor The polymerase PB1-contact site on Ebp1 (PA2G4)
overlaps with the interaction site with ErbB3 (epidermal receptor tyrosine
kinase), androgen receptor (AR) and retinoblastoma gene product (Rb)
Honda
et al, 2007
- ARAF v-raf murine sarcoma 3611 viral oncogene homolog: Involved in
early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ARCN1 archain 1: (COPD) Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- NAA10 N(alpha)-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit(ARD1)
siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ARHGAP21 – Rho GTPase activating protein 21 : ARHGAP21- and
Cdc42-based signaling regulate neuraminidase transport to the cell surface
Wang
et al 2012
- ARHGEF2 Rho/Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 2 : Binds
to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011 also involved in sensing of foreign RNA by RIG-I–like
receptors Chiang
et al, 2013
- ARID1B AT rich interactive domain 1B (SWI1-like): facilitates host
cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene
Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- ARNT aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator: binds to PB2
Shapira
et al, 2009
- ARSA arylsulfatase A : Sulfatide ,synthesised by ceramide galactosyltransferase
(UGT8) and cerebroside sulfotransferase (GAL3ST1), and degraded by arylsulfatase
A enhances viral replication , as demonstrated by ARSA overexpression
or GAL3ST1 knockdown Takahashi
et al, 2008
- ARTN artemin: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- ARRB1 arrestin, beta 1 regulates the viral polymerase Bortz
et al, 2011.
- ASCL3 achaete-scute complex homolog 3 (Drosophila) : Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- ASPA aspartoacylase: siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary
hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ATCAY ataxia, cerebellar, Cayman type: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- ATF2 activating transcription factor 2 binds to PB2,NS1,PB1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- ATG5 ATG5 autophagy related 5 homolog (S. cerevisiae) involved in
viral-induced autophagy Law
et al, 2010
- ATM ataxia telangiectasia mutated: Interacts with the viral polymerase
Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- ATP1A2 ATPase, Na+/K+ transporting, alpha 2 polypeptide: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- ATP1B1 Na+/K+ transporting, beta 1 polypeptide binds to the viral
M2 protein Mi
et al, 2010
- ATP2C1 ATPase, Ca++ transporting, type 2C, member 1: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- ATP5C1 ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, gamma
polypeptide 1: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- ATP5L ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial Fo complex, subunit
G: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- ATP6AP1 ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal accessory protein 1: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- ATP6AP2 ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal accessory protein 2: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 , Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- ATP6V0B ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 21kDa, V0 subunit b: Involved
in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ATP6V0C ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 16kDa, V0 subunit c: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- ATP6V0D1 ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 38kDa, V0 subunit d1 siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- ATP6V1A ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 70kDa, V1 subunit A: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- ATP6V1B2 ATPase, H+ transporting, lysosomal 56/58kDa, V1 subunit B2:
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- ATXN10 ataxin 10 binds to the M2 protein Li
et al, 2009
- AXIN1 axin 1: siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table)
Karlas
et al, 2010
- B2M beta-2-microglobulin:@ siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- B3GNT7 UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase
7: siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- BACH1 BTB and CNC homology 1, basic leucine zipper transcription factor
1: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random
Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- BACH2 BTB and CNC homology 1, basic leucine zipper transcription factor
2: siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- BAG3 BCL2-associated athanogene 3: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- BAG5 BCL2-associated athanogene 5: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- BAIAP2 BAI1-associated protein 2: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- BAIAP3 BAI1-associated protein 3: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- BANP BTG3 associated nuclear protein binds to viral NS1,PB1,PB2 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- BARHL2 BarH-like homeobox 2 : siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- BAX BCL2-associated X protein knockout reduces viral-induced apoptosis
and reduces viral replication McLean
et al, 2009
- BCAP29 B-cell receptor-associated protein 29: binds to viral PA protein
Shapira
et al, 2009
- BCL2 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 p38mapk (MAPK14) phosphorylates Bcl-2,
reducing viral replication Nencioni
et al, 2009 : facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- BCL2L11 BCL2-like 11 (apoptosis facilitator) (bim) involved in CD8
T cell responses to the virus Sabbagh
et al, 2006
- BCL2L2 BCL2-like 2: Repressed by infection Guan
et al, 2012
- BCL3 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 3 : Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- BCL10 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 10 : binds to PB2,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- BDNF brain derived neurotrophic factor: expression decreased decreased
in the hippocampus of infected mice Jurgens
et al, 2012
- BECN1 beclin 1, autophagy related siRNA knockdown reduces extracellular
viral yield Zhou
et al, 2009
- BHLHE40 basic helix-loop-helix family, member e40 (Ex BHLHB2) binds
to viral PB1,PB2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- BIK BCL2-interacting killer: Bik mediated caspase activation involved
in cleavage of viral proteins Mebratu
et al, 2015.
- BIRC3 baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3: mice deficient in BIRC3
(ciap-2) exhibit increased susceptibility and mortality to influenza
A virus infection Rodrigue-Gervais
et al, 2014.
- BLZF1 basic leucine zipper nuclear factor 1 : binds to viral PB2 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- BMPR1B bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IB : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- BMPR2 bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type II (serine/threonine
kinase) : facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- BPTF bromodomain PHD finger transcription factor: facilitates host
cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene
Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- BRD8 bromodomain containing 8: Interacts with the viral polymerase
Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- BRPF1 bromodomain and PHD finger containing, 1: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- BRSK1 BR serine/threonine kinase 1: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- BRWD3 bromodomain and WD repeat domain containing 3 : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- BST2 bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (tetherin) modifies viral
budding Yondola
et al, 2011
- BTAF1 RNA polymerase II, B-TFIID transcription factor-associated,
170kDa (Mot1 homolog, S. cerevisiae): Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- BTBD9 BTB (POZ) domain containing 9 : facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- BZRAP1 benzodiazapine receptor (peripheral) associated protein 1:
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 201C3 complement component 3 Binds to and neutralises the
virus Beebe
et al, 1983
- C3 complement component 3 Involved in viral neutralisation Beebe
et al, 1983
- C4A complement component 4A (Rodgers blood group) Binds to and neutralises
the virus Beebe
et al, 1983
- C4B complement component 4B (Chido blood group) Binds to and neutralises
the virus Beebe
et al, 1983
- C5 complement component 5: activated in the airway in response to
influenza illness Bjornson
et al, 1991.
- C1orf94 chromosome 1 open reading frame 94 binds to viral PB2 protein
Shapira
et al, 2009
- C1orf110 (Ex MGC48998) siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary
hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- C1orf159 chromosome 1 open reading frame 159 Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- C2orf42 chromosome 2 open reading frame 42: Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CALCOCO1 calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 1 : Interacts with
the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- CNRIP1 cannabinoid receptor interacting protein 1: (Ex C2orf32) siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TAMM41 TAM41, mitochondrial translocator assembly and maintenance
protein, homolog (S. cerevisiae) (Ex C3orf31) siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- C4orf32 chromosome 4 open reading frame 32 Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- C5orf38 chromosome 5 open reading frame 38 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- C7orf50 chromosome 7 open reading frame 50 binds to polymerase 3P
complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- C9orf167 chromosome 9 open reading frame 167 : Binds to polymerase
PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- C10orf35 chromosome 10 open reading frame 35: binds to viral PA protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- C10orf57 chromosome 10 open reading frame 57: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- C10orf96 chromosome 10 open reading frame 96: binds to viral PB2 protein
C16orf45
Shapira
et al, 2009
- C14orf28 : chromosome 14 open reading frame 28 (dopamine receptor
interacting protein ) Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- C14orf 166 chromosome 14 open reading frame 166 (CGI-99) interacts
with the PA subunit of the viral polymerase Huarte
et al, 2001
- TRMT61A tRNA methyltransferase 61 homolog A (S. cerevisiae) (Ex C14orf172)
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- C16orf45 chromosome 16 open reading frame 45: binds to viral NP protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- C16orf72 chromosome 16 open reading frame 72 : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- C19orf20 chromosome 19 open reading frame 20siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- C20orf111 chromosome 20 open reading frame 111 :Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- C21orf7 chromosome 21 open reading frame 7 :siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- C21orf33 chromosome 21 open reading frame 33: facilitates host cell
resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation
study) Sui
et al, 2009
- C1QA complement component 1, q subcomponent, A chain: C1Q interacts
with the viral M1 protein
Zhang et al, 2009
- C1QB C1Q interacts with the viral M1 protein
Zhang et al, 2009
- C1QC C1Q interacts with the viral M1 protein
Zhang et al, 2009
- CA13 carbonic anhydrase XIII: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- CABC1 chaperone, ABC1 activity of bc1 complex homolog (S. pombe) :
Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CACNA1C calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C: a sialylated
host cell surface receptor that binds viral hemagglutinin and mediates
viral entry Fujioka
et al, 2018
- CACNG4 calcium channel, voltage-dependent, gamma subunit 4:Involved
in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CAD carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase,
and dihydroorotase : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CALCOCO1 calcium binding and coiled-coil domain 1 binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2010
- CAMK2B calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II beta inhibition
antagonises viral replication König
et al, 2010
- CAMP cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide Leukotriene b4 exerts antiviral
effects by increasing the relase of antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidin
(CAMP) and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (RNASE2): Effects mediated
via LTB4R :
Gaudreault and Gosselin , 2008 Posseses antiviral activity Barlow
et al, 2011
- CANT1 calcium activated nucleotidase 1: Involved in early steps of
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CANX calnexin involved in hemagglutinin folding Chen
et al, 1995
- CAPN6 calpain 6 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CAPRIN1 cell cycle associated protein 1 interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- CASP1 caspase 1, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase (interleukin
1, beta, convertase): The influenza immune response and mortality is
reduced in Nlrp3, Pycard, or caspase-1 knockout mice Allen
et al, 2009 component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral
infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- CASP3 caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase: CASP3 binds
to PB2,NP Shapira
et al, 2009 necessary for viral propagation Wurzer
et al, 2003
- CASP8 caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase binds to M1
Zhirnov
et al, 2002
- CASP9 caspase 9, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase binds to M1
Zhirnov
et al, 2002
- CASP10 caspase 10, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase: activated
in in H5N1 virus-infected human monocyte-derived macrophages Ekchariyawat
et al, 2012
- CAV1 caveolin 1, caveolae protein, 22kDa modifies viral multiplication
Sun
et al, 2010
- CBLL1 Cas-Br-M (murine) ecotropic retroviral transforming sequence-like
1: Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CBS cystathionine-beta-synthase binds to viral M2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- CCDC33 coiled-coil domain containing 33: binds to viral PB2 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- CCL2 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (MCP-1) Part of the cytokine storm
induced by infection , particularly by the H1N1 strain Us,
2008
- CCL3 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (Mip-1 alpha) Part of the cytokine
storm induced by infection , particularly by the H1N1 strain Us,
2008
- CCL5 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (RANTES) Part of the cytokine
storm induced by infection , particularly by the H1N1 strain Us,
2008
- CCL13 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 13 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CCL19 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 19: Regulates immunity to the virus
Rangel-Moreno
et al, 2007
- CCL21 chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 21: Regulates immunity to the virus
Rangel-Moreno
et al, 2007
- CCND1 Downregulated by H5N1 infection in chicken or canine cell lines
Balasubramaniam
et al, 2011
- CCND2 Downregulated by H5N1 infection in chicken or canine cell lines
Balasubramaniam
et al, 2011
- CCND3 Downregulated by H5N1 infection in chicken or canine cell lines
Balasubramaniam
et al, 2011
- CCNB3 cyclin B3: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- CCNT1 Cyclin T1 interacts with the viral polymerase Zhang
et al, 2010
- CCR2 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 2:Plays a role in the immune response
to the virus Wareing et al, 2007
- CCR5 chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 5: mediates the migration of T
cells toward virus infected cells.
- CCRK cell cycle related kinase : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- CCT2 chaperonin containing TCP1, subunit 2 (beta) associates with
viral polymerase subunit PB2 Fislová
et al, 2010
- CCT8 chaperonin containing TCP1, subunit 8 (theta): Binds to polymerase
PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- CD3EAP CD3e molecule, epsilon associated protein : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CD9 CD9 molecule: virion component (proteomics study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- CD14 CD14 molecule: required for viral induced cytokine production
Pauligk
et al, 2004
- CD27 CD27 molecule: cell responses to influenza virus impaired in
knockout mice Hendriks
et al, 2000
- CD40 TNF receptor superfamily member 5: component of the macrophage
inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- CD40LG CD40 ligand: modulates immune response and enhances protection
against influenza virus Hashem
et al, 2014.
- CD44 CD44 molecule (Indian blood group): component of the macrophage
inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- CD47 CD47 molecule siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary
hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- CD48 CD48 molecule: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- CD55 CD55 polymorphisms are associated with severe A(H1N1)pdm09 infection:
Zhou
et al, 2012
- CD58 CD58 molecule (LFA-3): siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- CD59 CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein modulates the innate
and adaptive immune responses to the virus via complement-dependent
and -independent mechanisms Longhi
et al, 2007
- CD69 C-type lectin domain family 2, member C; CD69 antigen (p60, early
T-cell activation antigen);: alphaVgamma9Vdelta2 T lymphocytes upregulate
expression of IL2RA (CD25) and CD69 and produce IFN-gamma following
influenza infection Jameson
et al, 2010
- CD81 CD81 molecule: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- CD97 CD97 molecule: component of the macrophage inflammasome during
viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- CD163 CD163 molecule: component of the macrophage inflammasome during
viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- CD200 expression decreased decreased in the hippocampus of infected
mice Jurgens
et al, 2012
- CD207 CD207 molecule, langerin: Viral receptor in Lec2 Chinese hamster
ovary (CHO) cells Ng
et al, 2015
- CD209 CD209 molecule (DC-sign) captures the virus on dendritic cells
Gonzalez
et al, 2010
- CD274 CD274 molecule: knockout in natural kiler T cells improves the
course of influenza A infection in mice Maazi
et al, 2013
- CD276 CD276 molecule: component of the macrophage inflammasome during
viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- CDC42 – cell division cycle 42: ARHGAP21- and Cdc42-based signaling
regulate neuraminidase transport to the cell surface Wang
et al 2012
- CDC42BPA CDC42 binding protein kinase alpha (DMPK-like): Involved
in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CDC42BPB CDC42 binding protein kinase beta (DMPK-like): Involved in
early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CDC42EP4 CDC42 effector protein (Rho GTPase binding) 4: binds to viral
PA protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- CDK4 cyclin-dependent kinase 4Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CDK9 cyclin-dependent kinase 9 interacts with the viral polymerase
Zhang
et al, 2010
- CDK10 cyclin-dependent kinase 10 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CDKL5 cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CDKN1A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21, Cip1): Upregulated
via a bystander effect in the lungs of infected mice (via TP53) Technau-Ihling
et al, 2001
- CDKN1B cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1B (p27, Kip1) inhibition
reduces viral titre Karlas
et al, 2010
- CDKN2C cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2C (p18, inhibits CDK4):
binds to NS2 Shapira
et al, 2009
- CDS2 CDP-diacylglycerol synthase (phosphatidate cytidylyltransferase)
2: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- CEACAM6 carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6
(non-specific cross reacting antigen) Gaur
et al, 2012
- CEP70 centrosomal protein 70kDa: binds to viral NP,PB1 and PB2 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- CEP152 centrosomal protein 152kDa : Interacts with the viral polymerase
Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- CEBPB CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), beta: component of the
macrophage inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- CEL carboxyl ester lipase (bile salt-stimulated lipase): siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- CERS4 ceramide synthase 4 (Ex LASS4): siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- CFL1 cofilin 1 (non-muscle) virion component (proteomics study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- CFLAR CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010 CFLAR binds to PB2,NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- CFTR cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (ATP-binding
cassette sub-family C, member 7): Reduced CFTR expression modulates
the innate immune response to influenza and alters disease pathogenesis
Aeffner
et al, 2013
- CH25H cholesterol 25-hydroxylase: 25-hydroxycholesterol has antiviral
effects against various viruses (influenza, HSV-1, MCMV) Blanc
et al, 2013
- CHAF1A chromatin assembly factor 1, subunit A (p150) : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- CHCHD4 coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 4: Binds
to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- CHD3 chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 3: binds to viral NS2
Hu
et al, 2014
- CHD6 chromodomain helicase DNA binding protein 6 inhibits viral replication
Alfonso
et al, 2011
- CHM choroideremia (Rab escort protein 1) : facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- CHMP1B chromatin modifying protein 1B: binds to viral PA protein Shapira
et al, 2009
- CHMP6 chromatin modifying protein 6: binds to viral PA protein Shapira
et al, 2009
- Cholesterol The M2 protein binds to cholesterol Schroeder
et al, 2005 25-hydroxycholesterol has antiviral effects against
various viruses (influenza, HSV-1, MCMV) Blanc
et al, 2013
- Chromatin viral ribonucleoprotein complexes bind to chromatin (export
controlled by RCC1 and XPO1 (crm1) Chase
et al, 2011
- CHRM1 cholinergic receptor, muscarinic 1: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- CHST5 carbohydrate (N-acetylglucosamine 6-O) sulfotransferase 5: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 201
- CHUK conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010 Binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009
- CIAO1 cytosolic iron-sulfur protein assembly 1 [:Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- CIITA class II, major histocompatibility complex, transactivator mediates
MHC class II expression: infection inhibiys IFN-gamma-induced up-regulation
of HLA-DRalpha mRNA and the IFN-gamma induction of CIITA
- CIT citron (rho-interacting, serine/threonine kinase 21): Involved
in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CKAP5 cytoskeleton associated protein 5 : binds to the nucleoprotein
from a swine and human influenza virus Generous
et al, 2014
- CLEC4M C-type lectin domain family 4, member M (L-SIGN) Viral receptor
Londrigan
et al, 2011
- CLEC10A C-type lectin domain family 10, member A Viral receptor Upham
et al, 2010
- CLIC4 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- CLIP1 CAP-GLY domain containing linker protein 1 Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CLK1 CDC-like kinase 1siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- CLNS1A chloride channel, nucleotide-sensitive, 1A : facilitates host
cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene
Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- CLSTN3 calsyntenin 3 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 201
- CLTA binds to the viral nucleoprotein (Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao.
2010 Aug;26(8):1037-41. Chinese.)
- CLTC clathrin, heavy chain (Hc) siRNA knockdown decreases viral entry
Wang
and Jiang ,2009
- CLU Clusterin binds to viral nucleoprotein Tripathi
et al, 2013
- CMTM5 CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing 5: binds to
viral PB2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- CNGB1 cyclic nucleotide gated channel beta 1 siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- CNNM1 cyclin M1: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- CNP (viral) 2',3'-cyclic nucleotide 3' phosphodiesterase:
Purified virions of several RNA viruses, including influenza show 2',3'-cyclic
nucleotide 3'-phosphohydrolase activity Rosenbergová
and Pristasová , 1991
- CNR1 cannabinoid receptor 1 (brain): Deletion enhances inflammatory
responses to viral infection Buchweitz
et al, 2008
- CNR2 cannabinoid receptor 2 (macrophage): Deletion enhances inflammatory
responses to viral infection Buchweitz
et al, 2008
- COL2A1 collagen, type II, alpha 1 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- COL4A3BP collagen, type IV, alpha 3 (Goodpasture antigen) binding
protein binds to viral HA protein(s) Shapira et al, 200COG5 facilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- COLEC11 collectin sub-family member 11 an antimicrobial protein that
decreases infection Hansen
et al, 2010
- COPA coatomer protein complex, subunit alpha: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010 . Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- COPB1 coatomer protein complex, subunit beta 1: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- COPB2 coatomer protein complex, subunit beta 2 (beta prime): siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- ARCN1 (COPD) siRNA knockdown reduces numbers of infectious viruses
Karlas
et al, 2010
- COPE coatomer protein complex, subunit epsilon : siRNA knockdown reduces
numbers of infectious viruses Karlas
et al, 2010
- COPG coatomer protein complex, subunit gamma: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010 . Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- COPG2 coatomer protein complex, subunit gamma 2: Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- COPS5 COP9 constitutive photomorphogenic homolog subunit 5: Interacts
with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- COX5A cytochrome c oxidase subunit Va: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- COX6A1 cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIa polypeptide 1: regulates viral
replication Hao
et al, 2008
- CP ceruloplasmin inhibits viral replication Tomas
et al, 1982
- CPSF4 cleavage and polyadenylation specific factor 4, 30kDa Complexes
with NS1A and the viral polymerase Kuo
and Krug, 2009
- CR1 complement component (3b/4b) receptor 1 (Knops blood group) General
receptor for opsonised pathogens: Influenza included Boackle
et al, 1998
- CR2 complement component (3d/Epstein Barr virus) receptor 2 : CR1
and CR2 play a role in the maintenance of long-term memory to the virus
Fernandez
Gonzalez et al, 2008
- CRAMP1L Crm, cramped-like (Drosophila) : siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- CREB1 cAMP responsive element binding protein 1: Involved in early
steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CREB3 cAMP responsive element binding protein 3: cAMP responsive element
binding protein 3: cAMP responsive element binding protein 3 associates
with the viral polymerase: CREB3 binds to NA,HA,PB2 Shapira
et al, 2010
- CRHR1 corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CRK v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog (avian) binds to the
NS1 protein of the 1918 pandemic virus Heikkinen
et al, 2008
- CRKL v-crk sarcoma virus CT10 oncogene homolog (avian)-like binds
to the NS1 protein of the 1918 pandemic virus Heikkinen
et al, 2008
- CRLS1 cardiolipin synthase 1 : facilitates host cell resistance to
lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- CRP C-reactive protein, pentraxin-related: Serum levels generaly raised
after viral infections Salonen
and Vaheri, 1981
- CRTAP cartilage associated protein: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- CRX cone-rod homeobox: binds to M2 Shapira
et al, 2009
- CRY2 cryptochrome 2 (photolyase-like): siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- CRYAA crystallin, alpha A: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- CRYAB crystallin, alpha B associates with the viral polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- CSE1L CSE1 chromosome segregation 1-like (yeast): Involved in early
steps of viral replication (siRNA study): Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011 König
et al, 2010
- KCNIP3 Kv channel interacting protein 3, calsenilin (Ex CSEN) siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- CSF2 colony stimulating factor 2 (granulocyte-macrophage): pulmonary
CSF2 protects against lethal influenza infection Huang
et al, 2011
- CSF3 colony stimulating factor 3 (granulocyte): protects mice during
respiratory virus infections Hermesh
et al, 2012
- CSK c-src tyrosine kinase: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal
influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- CSMD3 CUB and Sushi multiple domains 3 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CSNK1D casein kinase 1, delta : facilitates host cell resistance to
lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- CSNK1G2 casein kinase 1, gamma 2 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CSNK2A1 casein kinase 2, alpha 1 polypeptideBinds to polymerase PA-PB1
Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- CSNK2A2 casein kinase 2, alpha prime polypeptide: binds to PB2,M2,PB1,M1
Shapira
et al, 2009
- CSNK2B casein kinase 2, beta polypeptide siRNA knockdown increases
viral titres Marjuki
et al, 2008 .binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- CTNNB1 catenin (cadherin-associated protein), beta 1, 88kDa: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010 beta- and gamma-catenin inhibit viral replication in
lung epithelial cells by enhancing the virus-dependent induction of
the IFNB1 gene and interferon-stimulated genes Hillesheim
et al, 2014
- CTNND1 catenin (cadherin-associated protein), delta 1: Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- CTSB Cathepsin B binds to NS1 Ngamurulert
et al, 2009
- CTSG cathepsin G : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CTSW cathepsin W: Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- CUL3 Cullin 3: Involved in endolysosomal viral traffic Huotari
et al, 2012
- CX3Cl1 fractalkine: expression decreased decreased in the hippocampus
of infected mice Jurgens
et al, 2012
- CXCL9 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (mig) Part of the cytokine
storm induced by infection , particularly by the H1N1 strain Us,
2008
- CXCL10 chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (IP-10) Part of the cytokine
storm induced by infection , particularly by the H1N1 strain Us,
2008
- CXCL13 Regulates immunity to the virus Rangel-Moreno
et al, 2007
- CXCR2 mediates neutrophil trafficking to the lung during influenza
virus infection Wareing
et al, 2007
- CXCR3 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3: Protects CCR5 knockout mice
from viral infection Fadel
et al, 2008
- CXCR6 chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 6: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- CXorf21 chromosome X open reading frame 21 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- CYBA cytochrome b-245, alpha polypeptide: component of the macrophage
inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- CYBB cytochrome b-245, beta polypeptide: component of the macrophage
inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- CYCS cytochrome c, somatic mitochondrial cytochrome C is released
by the virus as part of its apoptotic effects Zhang
et al, 2011
- CYLD cylindromatosis (turban tumor syndrome) :binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009
- CYP17A1 cytochrome P450, family 17, subfamily A, polypeptide 1 :siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- CYP2U1 Cytochrome P450, family 2, subfamily U, polypeptide 1: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- DAPK2 death-associated protein kinase 2 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- DAPK3 death-associated protein kinase 3 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- DAP3 death associated protein 3:siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- DAXX death-domain associated protein: binds to PB1,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- DBT dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2 interacts with
the viral ribonucleoprotein complex Mayer
et al, 2007 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- DCLK1 doublecortin-like kinase 1: Involved in early steps of viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- DCLK2 doublecortin-like kinase 2: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- DCTN1 dynactin 1: Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- DDB1 damage-specific DNA binding protein 1, 127kDa required by both
H1N1 and H5N1 polymerases Bortz
et al, 2011.
- DDIT4 DNA-damage-inducible transcript 4 (redd1) cells expressing high
concentrations of REDD1show lower NS1 viral protein expression Mata
et al, 2011.
- DDX1 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 1: DDX1, DDX21, and DHX36
helicases form a complex with the adaptor molecule TRIF to sense dsRNA
in dendritic cells Zhang
et al, 2011.
- DDX5 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 5: Interacts with the
viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- DDX17 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 17 required by both H1N1
and H5N1 polymerases Bortz
et al, 2011. . facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- DDX21 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 21: DDX1, DDX21, and
DHX36 helicases form a complex with the adaptor molecule TRIF to sense
dsRNA in dendritic cells Zhang
et al, 2011.
- Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- DDX28 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 28: regulates viral replication
Hao
et al, 2008
- DDX39B DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 39B (uap56) prevents
viral double stranded RNA formation Wisskirchen
et al, 2011 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- DDX42 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 42: regulates viral replication
Hao
et al, 2008
- DDX54 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 54: Interacts with the
viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- DDX58 DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 58 (Rig-1) binds to NS1
in a complex with MAVS Mibayashi
et al, 2007 . facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- DEDD2 death effector domain containing 2: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- DEFA1 defensin, alpha 1(HNP-1) : Salivary protein that promotes viral
neutralisation White
et al, 2009
- DEFA5 defensin, alpha 5, Paneth cell-specific: DEFA1 and DEFA5 facilitate
uptake of the virus by neutrophils Tecle
et al, 2007
- DEFB103A defensin, beta 103A (Equivalent of mouse DEFB3): DEFB3 inhibits
viral replication
Jiang et al, 2009
- DENND1B DENN/MADD domain containing 1B: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- DERL3 Der1-like domain family, member 3: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- DHCR7 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- DHRS2 dehydrogenase/reductase (SDR family) member 2: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- DHX9 DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) box polypeptide 9: Binds to NS1: Lin
et al, 2011
- DHX36 DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-His) box polypeptide 36: DDX1, DDX21, and
DHX36 helicases form a complex with the adaptor molecule TRIF to sense
dsRNA in dendritic cells Zhang
et al, 2011.
- DHX57 DEAH (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp/His) box polypeptide 57 : Binds to polymerase
PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- DHX58 DEXH (Asp-Glu-X-His) box polypeptide 58: downregulates interferon
production during infection Malur
et al, 2012
- DICER1 dicer 1, ribonuclease type III Dicer knockdown increases virus
production and accelerates apoptosis of infected cells Matskevich
and Moelling, 2007
- DIO1 deiodinase, iodothyronine, type I : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- DLG1 discs, large homolog 1 (Drosophila) associates with NS1 Liu
et al, 2010
- DLG2 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- DLG4 discs, large homolog 4 (Drosophila) (psd95) Binds to NS1 Zhang
et al, 2011
- DLG5 discs, large homolog 5 (Drosophila) : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- DLL1 delta-like 1: positively influences the development of anti-viral
immunity
Ito et al, 2011
- DMAP1 DNA methyltransferase 1 associated protein 1: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- DMBT1 deleted in malignant brain tumors 1: a salivary protein with
antiviral properties Malamud
et al, 2011
- DNAJA1 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily A, member 1: co-opted by influenza
A virus to enhance its viral RNA polymerase activity Cao
et al, 2015
- DNAJB1 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 1 binds to the M2
protein Guan
et al, 2010
- Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- DNAJB4 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 4: Binds to polymerase
PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- DNAJB5 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 5: Interacts with
the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- DNAJB6 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily B, member 6: Binds to polymerase
PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- DNAJC3 DnaJ (Hsp40) homolog, subfamily C, member 3: binds to M2 enhancing
PKR autophosphorylation Guan
et al, 2010
- DNM1 Dynamin 1: Entry to mink lung cells is blocvked by dominant negative
DNM1 Roy
et al 2000
- DNMT1 DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 1:The virus regulates IL6
via epigenetic nmechanisms involving DNMT1 Tang
et al, 2011
- DNMT3B DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase 3 beta : Epigenetic modifications
of IL32 via DNMT1 and DNMT3B Li
et al, 2010
- DOCK8 dedicator of cytokinesis 8 binds to viral PB2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- DPM1 dolichyl-phosphate mannosyltransferase polypeptide 1, catalytic
subunit: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- DPYD dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- DR1 down-regulator of transcription 1, TBP-binding (negative cofactor
2) : Knockdown reduces viral RNA and protein production Hsu
et al, 2015
- DSP desmoplakin : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- DST Dystonin: Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- DSTN Destrin Virion component (proteomics study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- DTX2 deltex homolog 2 (Drosophila) :Involved in early steps of viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- DTX3 deltex homolog 3 (Drosophila): siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- DUOX2 dual oxidase 2 : infection led to coordinated upregulated Duox2
and Duox-mediated ROS generation in human differentiated lung epithelial
cells Strengert
et al, 2014
- DUPD1 dual specificity phosphatase and pro isomerase domain containing
1 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- DUSP1 dual specificity phosphatase 1 DUSP1 binds to PB2,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009 Knockout mice were defective in anti-influenza immunity
in vivo and resistant to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis induced
by MOG Zhang
et al, 2009.
- DUSP3 dual specificity phosphatase 3:Involved in early steps of viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 201DUSP27 dual specificity phosphatase 27 (Ex LOC92235) siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- DVL2 dishevelled, dsh homolog 2 (Drosophila) associates with the viral
polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- DVL3 dishevelled, dsh homolog 3 (Drosophila) DVL3 binds to M2,PB2,M1,PB1Shapira
et al, 2010
- DYNC1H1 dynein, cytoplasmic 1, heavy chain 1 :Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- DYNLL2 dynein, light chain, LC8-type 2 :binds to viral NS2 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- DYRK1A dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase
1A: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random
Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- DYRK1B dual-specificity tyrosine-(Y)-phosphorylation regulated kinase
1B : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- E2F1 E2F transcription factor 1: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- EEF1A1 eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 alpha 1 interacts
with the viral ribonucleoprotein complex Mayer
et al, 2007 . siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- EEF1D eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 delta (guanine nucleotide
exchange protein): Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- EEF1G eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 gamma: Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor involved in viral entry Eierhoff
et al, 2010 . Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- EGLN2 egl nine homolog 2 (C. elegans) binds to the viral nucleoprotein
(Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2010 Aug;26(8):1037-41. Chinese.)
- EGR2 can function as a positive regulator that is essential for naïve
T-cell differentiation and in vivo T-cell responses to a viral (influenza)
infection Du
et al, 2014.
- EIF2AK2 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2
(pkr) binds to PB2,NS1,M1 Shapira
et al, 2009 inhibited by NS1 Min
et al, 2007 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- EIF2C1 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2C, 1: Knockout increases
susceptibility to infection in mice : Van
Stry et al, 2012
- EIF2C3 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2C, 3: Knockout increases
susceptibility to infection in mice : Van
Stry et al, 2012
- EIF2S1 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2, subunit 1 alpha,
35kDa Phosphorylated downstream of pkr activation by many viruses Lu
et al, 1995
- EIF3A eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit A: (EIF3S10)
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- EIF3C eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit C:siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- EIF3G eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit G (EIF3S4):
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- EIF3F eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit F (EIF3S5)
siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- EIF3L eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit L (Ex EIF3S6IP):
Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- EIF4A3 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A3 (ex DDX48) siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- EIF4B eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4B: lysosomal degradation
of eI is induced by viral NS1 protein Wang
et al, 2014
- EIF4E eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E involved in viral
mRNA translation Burgui
et al, 2007
- EIF4G1 eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma, 1 associates
with the NS1 protein Burgui
et al, 2003
- ELK1 ELK1, member of ETS oncogene family :binds to PB2,NS1,PB1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- ELMOD2 ELMO/CED-12 domain containing 2 regulates antiviral responses
Pulkkinen
et al, 2010
- ENG endoglin : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ENGASE endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase EC 3.2.1.96 (Ex FLJ21865)
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- ENO1 enolase 1, (alpha): Virion component (proteomics study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- ENTPD8 ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8 : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- EP300 E1A binding protein p300: binds to PB1,PB2,PA Shapira
et al, 2009
- EPHA7 EPH receptor A7 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- EPHB2 EPH receptor B2: Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- EPHB4 EPH receptor B4 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- EPHB6 EPH receptor B6: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- EPN1 Epsin1 involved in clathrin-mediated viral endocytosis Chen
and Zhuang, 2008
- EPRS glutamyl-prolyl-tRNA synthetase: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- EPS8L3 EPS8-like 3 : Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ERBB3 v-erb-b2 erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 3 (avian):
The polymerase PB1-contact site on Ebp1 (PA2G4) overlaps with the interaction
site with ErbB3 (epidermal receptor tyrosine kinase), androgen receptor
(AR) and retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) Honda
et al, 2007
- ERN1endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling : Pathway activated
by infection Hassan
et al, 2011
- ERN2 endoplasmic reticulum to nucleus signaling 2 : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ERVW-1 endogenous retrovirus group W, member 1: (syncytin-1) influenza
infection can transactivate retroviral ERVWE1 by increasing GCM1 transcription
and reducing H3K9me3 in this region and in other regions harboring HERV-W
elements Li
et al, 2014
- ESR1 estrogen receptor 1: 17-beta oestradiol protects females from
viral pathogenesis by suppressing inflammation, acting via ESR1 Robinson
et al, 2011
- ESR2 estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta): Estradiol, raloxifene, and bisphenol
A decrease viral titers in human nasal epithelial cell from female,
but not male, donors via ESR2 Peretz
et al, 2015.
- ETS1 v-ets erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 1 (avian):
binds to PB1,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- ETV5 ets variant 5: virus-inducedETV5 phosphorylation was reduced
by using p38MAPK inhibitor, SB203580 Zhang
et al, 2014
- EXOC6 exocyst complex component 6: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- EXOSC8 exosome component 8: binds to viral M1 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- EZH2 – enhancer of zeste homolog 2: EZH2 overexpression facilitates
the replication of WSN and A/Puerto Rico/8/34 influenza viral strains
Chen
et al, 2013.
- F2R coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor: antagonists or F2R
deficiency protect mice from infection with influenza A viruses Khoufache
et al, 2013
- F2RL1 coagulation factor II (thrombin) receptor-like 1 knockout protects
mice from H1N1 influenza A virus-induced lethality Nhu
et al, 2010
- F8 coagulation factor VIII, procoagulant component: The hemagglutinin
protein has homology with plasminogen activators and possesses anticoagulant
and fibrinolytic activities which affects the blood clotting factors
fibrinogen and factor XIII in vitro and in vivo Zhilinskaia
et al, 1996
- F11R F11 receptor: component of the macrophage inflammasome during
viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- F13A1 coagulation factor XIII, A1 polypeptide : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FABP4 fatty acid binding protein 4, adipocyte: component of the macrophage
inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- FAM104B family with sequence similarity 104, member B : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FAM13C1 family with sequence similarity 13, member C: facilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- FAM83H family with sequence similarity 83, member H: Binds to polymerase
PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- FAM135A family with sequence similarity 135, member A : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FANCG Fanconi anemia, complementation group G: Interacts with the
viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- FAS Fas (TNF receptor superfamily, member 6): Involved in viral propagation
Wurzer
et al, 2004
- FASLG Fas ligand (TNF superfamily, member 6) regulator ot T cell apoptosis
induced by viral infection Nichols
et al, 2001
- FASN fatty acid synthase Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- FAU Finkel-Biskis-Reilly murine sarcoma virus (FBR-MuSV) ubiquitously
expressed: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- FADD Fas (TNFRSF6)-associated via death domainnegatively regulates
viral-induced interferon production Young
et al, 2011
- FBL fibrillarin: binds to H3N2 subtype virus NS1 Melén
et al, 2012
- FBXL17 F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 17: facilitates host
cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene
Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- FBXO44 F-box protein 44: Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FBXW10 F-box and WD repeat domain containing 10: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- FCER1G Fc fragment of IgE, high affinity I, receptor for; gamma polypeptidePlays
a key role in viral phagocytosis Huber
et al, 2001
- FCGR3A Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIIa, receptor (CD16a : Plays
a role in viral elimination (two human forms of a single mouse receptor)
El
Bakkouri et al, 2011
- FCGR3B Fc fragment of IgG, low affinity IIIb, receptor (CD16b) : Plays
a role in viral elimination (two human forms of a single mouse FCGR3
receptor) El
Bakkouri et al, 2011
- FCHO2 FCH domain only 2 : siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- FCN2 ficolin (collagen/fibrinogen domain containing lectin) 2 (hucolin):binds
hemagglutinin and neuraminidase Pan
et al, 2012
- FERMT3 fermitin family member 3: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- FGF19 fibroblast growth factor 19: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- FGA fibrinogen alpha chain: The hemagglutinin protein has homology
with plasminogen activators and possesses anticoagulant and fibrinolytic
activities which affects the blood clotting factors fibrinogen and factor
XIII in vitro and in vivo Zhilinskaia
et al, 1996
- FGB fibrinogen beta chain: See FGA Zhilinskaia
et al, 1996
- FGG fibrinogen gamma chain See FGA Zhilinskaia
et al, 1996
- FGFR1 fibroblast growth factor receptor 1: Involved in early steps
of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FGFR2 fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FGFR4 fibroblast growth factor receptor 4: Involved in early steps
of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FHIT fragile histidine triad gene: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- FHL2 four and a half LIM domains 2: enhances the cellular innate immune
response to infection Nordhoff
et al, 2012
- FHOD1 formin homology 2 domain containing 1: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- FKBP5 FK506 binding protein 5: facilitates host cell resistance to
lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- FKBP8 FK506 binding protein 8, 38kDa: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- FKBP9 FK506 binding protein 9, 63 kDa: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- FLJ11235 hypothetical FLJ11235: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- C11orf63 chromosome 11 open reading frame 63 (Ex FLJ23554) siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- FLJ25758 hypothetical locus FLJ25758 siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- FDPS farnesyl diphosphate synthase regulates the release of viral
particles Kumar
et al, 2011
- FLT3 fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FLT4 fms-related tyrosine kinase 4 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FMR1 fragile X mental retardation 1: binds to PB2,NS1,NP,PB1,M1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- FN1 fibronectin required for cellular entry for viruses preferring
alpha 2,6-linked sialic acids.
Leung et al, 2012
- FNTB farnesyltransferase, CAAX box, beta : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FOLH1 folate hydrolase (prostate-specific membrane antigen) 1 : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- FOXP3 forkhead box P3: FoxP3(+) virus-specific CD8(+) T cells can
be generated after infection Billerbeck
et al, 2007
- FOXQ1 forkhead box Q1 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- FPR1 formyl peptide receptor 1 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- FRK fyn-related kinase : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- FSCN1 fascin homolog 1, actin-bundling protein (Strongylocentrotus
purpuratus): Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- FURIN Furin (paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme) cleaves the
viral hemagglutinin Stieneke-Gröber
et al, 1992
- FUS fused in sarcoma: Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- FUT4 fucosyltransferase 1 (galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase,
H blood group): Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- FXR2 fragile X mental retardation, autosomal homolog 2 :binds to viral
NS1,NP,PB1,PB2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- ISG15: ISG15 ubiquitin-like modifier (G1P2): siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- G6PC3 glucose 6 phosphatase, catalytic, 3 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- G6PD glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- GABBR1 gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, 1 : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- GABPA GA binding protein transcription factor, alpha subunit 60kDa
: binds to PB1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- GABPB1 GA binding protein transcription factor, beta subunit 1 associates
with the viral polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- GAK cyclin G associated kinase: Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- GAL3ST1 galactose-3-O-sulfotransferase 1: Sulfatide ,synthesised by
ceramide galactosyltransferase (UGT8) and cerebroside sulfotransferase
(GAL3ST1), and degraded by arylsulfatase A enhances viral replication
, as demonstrated by ARSA overexpression or GAL3ST1 knockdown Takahashi
et al, 2008
- galactosyl ceramide binds to the virus
Suzuki et al, 1996
- Ganglioside Gm1B (NeuAc alpha 2-3 Ga1 beta 1-3 GalNAc beta 1-4 Gal
beta 1-4 GLc beta 1-1'-ceramide) Viral receptor Suzuki
et al, 1985 Ganglosides GT1b or GD1b interact with viral hemagglutinin
Slepushkin
et al, 1988
- GAPDH glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase: Virion component (proteomics
study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- GBP1 guanylate binding protein 1, interferon-inducible: Interacts
with viral NS1 Zhu
et al, 2013
- GBF1 golgi brefeldin A resistant guanine nucleotide exchange factor
1: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- GC group-specific component (vitamin D binding protein) The hemagglutinin
protein possesses active trypsin dependent NAGA activity that deglycosylates
the vitamin D3 binding protein (GC) Yamamoto
and Urade, 2005
- GCLC glutamate-cysteine ligase, catalytic subunit: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- GCM1 glial cells missing homolog 1: influenza infection can transactivate
retroviral ERVWE1 by increasing GCM1 transcription and reducing H3K9me3
in this region and in other regions harboring HERV-W elements Li
et al, 2014
- GDF10 growth differentiation factor 10: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- GEMIN5 gem (nuclear organelle) associated protein 5: binds to polymerase
3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- GGTLC2 gamma-glutamyltransferase light chain 2: (ex GGTL4) siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- GLCE glucuronic acid epimerase: facilitates host cell resistance to
lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- GLS glutaminase: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- GJA8 gap junction protein, alpha 8, 50kDa : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- GLS glutaminase: inhibition decreases replication of adenovirus, herpes
simplex virus 1 and influenza A in cultured primary cells Thai
et al, 2015
- Glutathione has antiviral properties Cai
et al, 2003
- GLYAT glycine-N-acyltransferase: binds to viral PA protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- GMCL1 germ cell-less homolog 1 (Drosophila): binds to viral NP protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- GNB2 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide
2: binds to PB1-F2 protein Guan
et al, 2012
- GNB2L1 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), beta polypeptide
2-like 1 (rack1) binds to M1 Reinhardt
and Wolff, 2000 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011GNL3L facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- GNRH2 gonadotropin-releasing hormone 2: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- GOLGA2 golgin A2 binds to NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- GOLGA4 golgin A4: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- GOLGB1 golgin B1: binds to NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- GON4L gon-4-like (C. elegans): facilitates host cell resistance to
lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- GOPC golgi-associated PDZ and coiled-coil motif containing: Involved
in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- GPC1 glypican 1: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- GPR62 G protein-coupled receptor 62 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- GPR146 G protein-coupled receptor 146: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- GPX1 glutathione peroxidase 1 component of the macrophage inflammasome
during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- GRIN2C glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 2C [:
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- POLR2M (GRINL1A) polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide M:
Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- GRK5 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5: Involved in early steps
of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- GRK6 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009 .Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- GRSF1 G-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1 regulates viral protein
synthesis Kash
et al, 2002
- GSK3B glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta : required for viral entry König
et al, 2010 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- GSR glutathione reductase : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- GSTM4 glutathione S-transferase mu 4: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- GTF2H3 general transcription factor IIH, polypeptide 3, 34kDa: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- GTF3C3 general transcription factor IIIC, polypeptide 3, 102kDa binds
to M1 protein Huang
et al, 2009
- GZMK Granzyme K: inhibits viral replication Zhong
et al, 2011
- H1FX H1 histone family, member X: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- HAND2 heart and neural crest derivatives expressed 2 : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- HARBI1 harbinger transposase derived 1: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- HAVCR2 hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 2: regulates influenza
A virus-specific humoral and CD8 T-cell responses Sharma
et al, 2011.
- HAX1 HCLS1 associated protein X-1 component of the viral polymerase
Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- HDAC1 histone deacetylase 1: HDAC1 inhibits acidification and penetration
of the virus Yamauchi
et al, 2011
- HDAC6 histone deacetylase 6: recruired to viral fusion sites Banerjee
et al, 2014
- HDAC8 histone deacetylase 8: enhances endocytosis, acidification,
and penetration of the incoming virus Yamauchi
et al, 2011.
- HEATR2 HEAT repeat containing 2: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- HEATR7A HEAT repeat containing 7A :facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- HECTD1 HECT domain containing 1: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- HEG1 HEG homolog 1 (zebrafish): siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- HERC1 hect (homologous to the E6-AP (UBE3A) carboxyl terminus) domain
and RCC1 (CHC1)-like domain (RLD) 1 : binds to polymerase 3P complex
Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- HERC4 hect domain and RLD 4: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- HERC5 hect domain and RLD 5: catalyzes the conjugation of ISG15 with
the NS1 protein Tang
et al, 2010
- HERC6 hect domain and RLD 6 : facilitates host cell resistance to
lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- HGF hepatocyte growth factor: serum HGF levels are elevated in patients
with acute infectious diseases, including influenza
- HIF1A hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix
transcription factor) :Microglial activation and increased expression
of HIF1A in Cynomolgus macaques infected with H1N1 Tolnay
et al, 2010
- HIPK1 homeodomain interacting protein kinase 1: Involved in early
steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- HIPK2 homeodomain interacting protein kinase 2 : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- HIPK3 homeodomain interacting protein kinase 3: Involved in early
steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- HIST1H2BN histone cluster 1, H2bn: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- HIST3H3 histone cluster 3, H3 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- HKDC1 hexokinase domain containing 1 : Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- HLA-A major histocompatibility complex, class I, A : One of a broad
spectrum binding to influenza epitopes Babon
et al, 2009
- HLA-B major histocompatibility complex, class I, B binds to NS1 Ngamurulert
et al, 2009
- HLA-DRB1 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 1 complexes
with a viral peptide Stern
et al, 1994
- HLA-DRB5 viral peptides, recognized by CD4(+) T cells showed binding
to recombinant DRA1*0101/DRB1*0401 or DRA1*0101/DRB5*010 Wang
et al, 2010
- HMGA1 high mobility group AT-hook 1 : binds to PB1,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- HMGCR 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase: Mevastatin (HMGCR
inhibitor) suppresses viral activation of gammadelta T cells Jameson
et al, 2010
- HMBOX1 homeobox containing 1: Binds to NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- HMGB1 high mobility group box 1: HMGB1 and HMGB2 bind directly to
the viral nucleoprotein Moisy
et al, 2012
- HMOX1 heme oxygenase (decycling) 1: component of the macrophage inflammasome
during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- HNRNPA1 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 interacts with
the viral ribonucleoprotein complex Mayer
et al, 2007 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- HNRNPA2B1 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2/B1: interacts
with influenza A viral protein NS1 and inhibits virus replication Wang
et al, 2014
- HNRNPF heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein F binds to NS1 Lee
et al, 2010
- HNRNPH1 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 (H): Interacts
with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- HNRNPM heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein M required by both
H1N1 and H5N1 polymerases Bortz
et al, 2011.
- HNRNPUL1 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U-like 1 Binds to
polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- HNT1 Histatin 1: Salivary protein that promotes viral neutralisation
White
et al, 2009
- HNT3 Histatin 3: Salivary protein that promotes viral neutralisation
White
et al, 2009
- HOOK1 binds to viral PB2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- HPGD hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase 15-(NAD) : siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- HRAS v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog: Involved
in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- HSD17B1 hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 1 Binds to NS1 Wolff
et al, 1996
- HSD17B12 hydroxysteroid (17-beta) dehydrogenase 12: Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- HSF4 heat shock transcription factor 4: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- HSP90AA1 heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class A member
1 Hsp90 inhibitors reduce viral replication Chase
et al, 2008Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- HSP90AB1 heat shock protein 90kDa alpha (cytosolic), class B member
1: Hsp90 inhibitors reduce viral replication Chase
et al, 2008 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- HSPA1A heat shock 70kDa protein 1A component of the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Li
et al, 2011 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- HSPA5 heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)
binds to the hemagglutinin precursor, HA0 Hurtley
et al, 1989
- HSPA8 heat shock 70kDa protein 8 (hsc70) binds to M1 Watanabe
et al, 2006 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- HSPB1 heat shock 27kDa protein 1: enhances the inhibitory effect
of NS1 on the expression of IFN-beta Li
et aL, 2012
- HSPD1 heat shock 60kDa protein 1 (chaperonin): siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- HSPH1 heat shock 105kDa/110kDa protein 1: binds to polymerase 3P complex
Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- HTATSF1 HIV-1 Tat specific factor 1 enhances the activity of the viral
polymerase Bortz
et al, 2011 binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- HTR2A 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 2A : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- HUNK hormonally up-regulated Neu-associated kinase : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ICAM1 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 : Involved in the effects
of natural killer cells on the virus Eisenthal
et al, 1997
- ICOS inducible T-cell co-stimulator: plays a role in the primary response
to viruses (Antibody production, germinal center formation and Th cytokine
production) Bertram
et al, 2002
- IDH2 isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (NADP+), mitochondria enhances the
activity of the viral polymerase Bortz
et al, 2011
- IDO1 indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 activated by IFNG and by many pathogens
including influenza Taylor
and Feng, 1991 activation diverts tryptophan metabolisim towards
kynurenic acid and quinolinate production.
- IFIH1 interferon induced with helicase C domain 1 interferon induced
with helicase C domain 1 (mda5): Soluble mediators from H5N1-infected
human macrophages upregulate RIG-I, IFIH1, and TLR3 Hui
et al, 2011
- IFITM1 interferon induced transmembrane protein 1: IFITM1,2 and 3
restrict viral replication Brass
et al, 2009
- IFITM2 Brass
et al, 2009
- IFITM3 interferon induced transmembrane protein 3: prevents cytosolic
entry Feeley
et al, 2011
- IFN1@ IFN-a production during RNA virus infection is mediated by the
master transcription factor IRF7, which is activated upon ubiquitination
by TRAF6 and phosphorylation by IKKe and TBK1 kinases Young
et al, 2011.
- IFNA7 interferon, alpha 7: siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary
hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- IFNAR1 interferon (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 1: Viral hemagglutinin
protein triggers the ubiquitination of IFNAR1, diminishing IFNAR1 levels
Xia
et al, 2015.
- IFNAR2 interferon (alpha, beta and omega) receptor 2: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- IFNB1 interferon, beta 1 the RNA binding domain of the NS1 protein
regulates IL6, IFNB and TNF expression Newby
et al, 2007
- IFNG interferon, gamma: Part of the cytokine storm induced by infection
, particularly by the H1N1 strain Us,
2008
- IFNGR2 interferon gamma receptor 2 (interferon gamma transducer 1):
siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- IGF2BP1 insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 1: Binds
to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- IGF2BP3 insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA binding protein 3: Binds
to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- IGHM immunoglobulin heavy constant mu: Protects mice from influenza
mortality Harada
et al, 2003
- IGSF1 immunoglobulin superfamily, member 1: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- IK IK cytokine, down-regulator of HLA II siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- IKBKB inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells,
kinase beta binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009 Dominant negative IKBKB blocks the effects of the virus
on almost all H5N1 virus-induced genes Schmolke
et al, 2009 .
- IKBKE inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells,
kinase epsilon IFN-a production during RNA virus infection is mediated
by the master transcription factor IRF7, which is activated upon ubiquitination
by TRAF6 and phosphorylation by IKKe and TBK1 kinases Young
et al, 2011. Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- IKBKG inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells,
kinase gamma: binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009
- IKZF3 IKAROS family zinc finger 3 (Aiolos) binds to viral PB1 protein
Shapira
et al, 2009
- IL1A interleukin 1, alphaL: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- IL1B interleukin 1, beta: Part of the cytokine storm induced by infection
, particularly by the H1N1 strain Us,
2008
- IL1F9 interleukin 1 family, member 9 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- IL1R1 interleukin 1 receptor, type IL signaling through the IL-1 receptor
is protective against the H1N1 strain in mice Belisle
et al, 2010
- IL1RN interleukin 1 receptor antagonist : component of the macrophage
inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- IL2 interleukin 2: T cell growth factor : Acute influenza is associated
with low plasma concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, including
IFNG, MIP-1ß (CCL4) , IL2 and IL15, and high levels of the anti-inflammatory
cytokines IL10 and IL1RN .Jost
et al, 2011
- IL2RA interleukin 2 receptor, alphaVgamma9Vdelta2 T lymphocytes upregulate
expression of IL2RA (CD25) and CD69 and produce IFN-gamma following
influenza infection Jameson
et al, 2010
- IL4 interleukin 4 ( B cell growth factor 1) and IL2 produced by t
cells in response to infection Falchetti
et al, 1996
- IL5 interleukin 5 (colony-stimulating factor, eosinophil) Serum levels
elevated in children infected with the 2009 H1N1 virus Terai
et al, 2011
- IL6 interleukin 6 (interferon, beta 2); the RNA binding domain of
the NS1 protein regulates IL6, IFNB and TNF expression Newby
et al, 2007
- IL6R interleukin 6 receptor binds to NS1 Ngamurulert
et al, 2009
- IL7 see Shen
et al, 2008
- IL7R interleukin 7 receptor: Loss of IL7R and IL15R in airway CD8+
T cells assocaited with disappearance of memory T cells in respiratory
tract following influenza infection Shen
et al, 2008
- IL8 interleukin 8 Part of the cytokine storm induced by infection
, particularly by the H1N1 strain Us,
2008
- IL9 high serum levels found in H1N1 pandemic victims Bermejo-Martin
et al 2009
- IL9R interleukin 9 receptor : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- IL10 Acute influenza is associated with low plasma concentrations
of inflammatory cytokines, including IFNG, MIP-1ß (CCL4) , IL2
and IL15, and high levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL10 and
IL1RN .Jost
et al, 2011
- IL12A interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic
lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35) Primary cytokine activated in reponse
to pulmonary infection in mice Hama
et al, 2009
- IL12B interleukin 12B (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 2, cytotoxic
lymphocyte maturation factor 2, p40): Primary cytokine activated in
reponse to pulmonary infection in mice Hama
et al, 2009
- IL13 interleukin 13: Infection activates the NLRP3 inflammasome, resulted
in the production of IL33 by alveolar macrophages, which in turn activated
natural helper cells producing substantial IL13 Chang
et al, 2011.
- IL15 interleukin 15 : Acute influenza is associated with low plasma
concentrations of inflammatory cytokines, including IFNG, MIP-1ß
(CCL4) , IL2 and IL15, and high levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokines
IL10 and IL1RN .Jost
et al, 2011
- IL15RA interleukin 15 receptor, alpha: binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 200
- IL17A modulates the B cell response during H1N1 infection Wang
et al, 2011
- IL17RA interleukin 17 receptor A: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- IL18 required as a regulator of cytokine production by influenza specific
CD8)+ cells Denton
et al, 2007 . component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral
infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- IL18R1 interleukin 18 receptor 1: IFN-alpha/beta, activated by the
virus prolongs T cell survival, upregulates IL12 and IL-18 receptor
gene expression and together with IL18 stimulates natural killer and
T cell IFNG production Julkunen
et al, 2001
- IL18RAP interleukin 18 receptor accessory protein : expression modified
by infection Huang
et al, 2011
- IL22 activated in peripheral blood mononuclear cell from influenza
A virus-infected patients Yu
et al, 2014
- IL28B interleukin 28B (interferon, lambda 3) : Intranasal administration
of IFN-lambda induces the antiviral factor Mx1 in mouse lungs and protects
IFNAR1knockout mice from lethal influenza virus infection Mordstein
et al, 2008
- IL32 Possesses antiviral activity and is upregulated by infection
Li
et al, 2010
- IL33 Proinflammatory cytokine released by the inflammasome in response
to infection Ichinohe
and Iwasaki, 2009
- IL34 IL-34 levels higher in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear
cell from influenza A virus-infected patients Yu
et al, 2014
- IK IK cytokine, down-regulator of HLA II: together with SMU1 controls
the expression of viral NS2/NEP and required for efficient viral multiplication
Fournier
et al, 2014.
- IKZF3 IKAROS family zinc finger 3 (Aiolos) associates with the viral
polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- ILF2 interleukin enhancer binding factor 2, 45kDa : Binds to polymerase
PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- ILF3 interleukin enhancer binding factor 3, 90kDa interacts with the
viral nucleoprotein Wang
et al,2009.
- Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- IMMT inner membrane protein, mitochondrial: Binds to polymerase PA
Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- IMPDH2 IMP (inosine 5'-monophosphate) dehydrogenase 2 interacts with
the viral ribonucleoprotein complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- INS Insulin binds to the virus Samnotra
et al, 1988
- IPO5 importin 5 (ranbp5) enhances the activity of the viral polymerase
Bortz
et al, 2011
- IPO7 importin 7: (ranbp7) Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- IPO9 importin 9: Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- IPO11 importin 11: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- IQGAP1 IQ motif containing GTPase activating protein 1: facilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- DCAF6 (IQWD1) DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 6: Interacts with the
viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- IRAK1 IRAK1 binds to PB2,NP Shapira
et al, 2009 Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- IRAK3 interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 3: Higher viral titers
in lungs and blood in IRAK3 knockout mice Seki
et al, 2010
- IRAK4 interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 regulates influenza
virus-induced production of interferons in plasmacytoid dendritic cells
Kim
et al, 2007
- IRF2 interferon regulatory factor 2 : siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- IRF3 interferon regulatory factor 3: IRF3 binds to PA,NP,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009 Activation blocked by NS1 Kuo
et al, 2010
- IRF7 interferon regulatory factor 7: IFN-a production during RNA virus
infection is mediated by the master transcription factor IRF7, which
is activated upon ubiquitination by TRAF6 and phosphorylation by IKKe
and TBK1 kinases Young
et al, 2011.
- IRF9 interferon regulatory factor 9: activated via TP53 in reponse
to infection Shen
et al, 2009
- ISG15 ISG15 ubiquitin-like modifier binds to NS1 protein Guan
et al, 2011
- siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- ITCH – itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase: Knockdown retards
the viral ribonucleoprotein complex release from endosomes and transport
to the nucleus Su
et al, 2013
- ITGA1 integrin, alpha 1: protects airway CD8+ effector T cells cells
from apoptosis during infection Richter
and Topham, 2007
- ITGA2B integrin, alpha 2b (platelet glycoprotein IIb of IIb/IIIa complex,
antigen CD41) : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ITGA3 integrin, alpha 3 (antigen CD49C, alpha 3 subunit of VLA-3 receptor):
Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ITGA5 integrin, alpha 5 (fibronectin receptor, alpha polypeptide):
Influenza promotes collagen deposition via ITGA5/ITGB6 integrin-mediated
transforming growth factor ß activation Jolly
et al, 2014.
- ITGAL integrin, alpha L (antigen CD11A (p180), lymphocyte function-associated
antigen 1; alpha polypeptide): component of the macrophage inflammasome
during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- ITGB1 integrin, beta 1 (fibronectin receptor, beta polypeptide, antigen
CD29 includes MDF2, MSK12): protects airway CD8+ effector T cells cells
from apoptosis during infection Richter
and Topham, 2007
- ITGB2 integrin, beta 2 (complement component 3 receptor 3 and 4 subunit):
component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- ITGB6 integrin, beta 6: Influenza promotes collagen deposition via
ITGA5/ITGB6 integrin-mediated transforming growth factor ß activation
Jolly
et al, 2014. \\
- ITK IL2-inducible T-cell kinase: Itk/PLCG1 signaling is activated
by viral infection in T cells Fan
et al, 2012 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- ITLN1 intelectin 1 (galactofuranose binding): siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- IVNS1ABP influenza virus NS1A binding protein Wolf
et al, 1998
- JAK2 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- JAK3 Janus kinase 3 Infection survival increases in JAK3 knockout
mice
Bunting et al, 2000
- AIMP2 aminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex-interacting multifunctional
protein 2(Ex JTV1) binds to viral NS2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- JUN jun proto-oncogene (ap-1) AP1 and jnk activated by viral RNA accumulation
Ludwig
et al, 2001
- siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- JUNB binds to PB2,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- JUP junction plakoglobin (gamma-catenin) : beta- and gamma-catenin
inhibit viral replication in lung epithelial cells by enhancing the
virus-dependent induction of the IFNB1 gene and interferon-stimulated
genes Hillesheim
et al, 2014
- KARS lysyl-tRNA synthetase interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- KATNB1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- KCNJ3 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- KCNJ11 potassium inwardly-rectifying channel, subfamily J, member
11 :
- KCNJ12 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- KCNK12 potassium channel, subfamily K, member 12 : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- KCNK17 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- KCNMA1 potassium large conductance calcium-activated channel, subfamily
M, alpha member 1 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- KCNRG potassium channel regulator binds to viral PB2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- KCTD9 potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 9 : binds
to the nucleoprotein from a swine and human influenza virus Generous
et al, 2014
- KDELR1 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- KDSR facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- KHDRBS1 KH domain containing, RNA binding, signal transduction associated
1: Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- KHDRBS3 binds to viral NS1 protein Shapira
et al, 2009
- KHSRP KH-type splicing regulatory protein : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- KLK9 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- KIAA0391 mitochondrial RNase P protein 3; mitochondrial ribonuclease
P protein 3 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- KIAA0664 (Other designations CLU1, DKFZp686L05242, DKFZp686M09233,
FLJ23672) siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SIK3 SIK family kinase 3 (Ex KIAA0999) : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- KIAA1033 WASH complex subunit 7: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- KIAA1107 (Other designations OTTHUMP00000011946; hypothetical protein
LOC23285) facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- KIAA1143 ( OTTHUMP00000164118; hypothetical protein LOC57456) binds
to viral NS1 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- KIDINS220 facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- KIFC3 kinesin family member C3: Involved in intracellular viral transport
Noda
et al, 2001
- KIF11 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- KLF6 Kruppel-like factor 6: regulates apoptosis during influenza A
virus infection.Mgbemena
et al, 2012
- KLK5 – kallikrein-related peptidase 5: KLK5 and KLK12 peptidases
cleave and activate the viral haemagglutininwith kallikrein 5 cleaving
the H1 and H3 subtypes most efficiently and kallikrein 12 cleaving the
H1 and H2 subtypes Hamilton
and Whittaker, 2013
- KLK9 kallikrein-related peptidase 9 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- KLK12 – kallikrein-related peptidase 12: KLK5 and KLK12 peptidases
cleave and activate the viral haemagglutininwith kallikrein 5 cleaving
the H1 and H3 subtypes most efficiently and kallikrein 12 cleaving the
H1 and H2 subtypes Hamilton
and Whittaker, 2013
- KLRC1 killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily C, member 1: KLRD1/KLRC1
transduces a signal to activated CD8+ T cells that limits viral immunopathology
Zhou
et al , 2008
- KLRD1 killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily D, member 1: KLRD1/KLRC1
transduces a signal to activated CD8+ T cells that limits viral immunopathology
Zhou
et al , 2008
- KLRK1 killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily K, member 1: Required
for natural killer cell activation by the virus Draghi
et al, 2007
- KNG1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- KPNA1 karyopherin alpha 1 (importin alpha 5) binds to influenza A
virus nucleoprotein Melen
et al, 2003
- KPNA2 karyopherin alpha 2 (RAG cohort 1, importin alpha 1 enhances
the activity of the viral polymerase Bortz
et al, 2011 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- KPNA3 karyopherin alpha 3 (importin alpha 4) associates with the viral
polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- KPNA4 karyopherin alpha 4 (importin alpha 3) binds to influenza A
virus nucleoprotein Melen
et al, 2003
- KPNA6 karyopherin alpha 6 (importin alpha 7) associates with the viral
polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- KPNB1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- KSR2 kinase suppressor of ras 2: Involved in early steps of viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- KRT1 keratin 1: component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral
infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- LAMA5 laminin, alpha 5: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- Kynurenic acid concentrations (NMDA receptor glycine site antagonist)
are increased in the brains of infected mice (See IDO1) Holtze
et al, 2008
- LAMB1 laminin, beta 1 : Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- LAMP3 lysosomal-associated membrane protein 3: an influenza A virus
inducible gene, and playing a role in viral post-entry steps Zhou
et al, 2011
- LARGE like-glycosyltransferase: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- LARP1 La ribonucleoprotein domain family, member 1: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- LEP leptin: high levels of circulating leptin contribute to the development
of severe lung injury by A(H1N1)pdm09 in mice with diet-induced obesity
Zhang
et al, 2013
- Leukotriene b4 exerts antiviral effects by increasing the relase of
antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidin (CAMP) and eosinophil-derived
neurotoxin (RNASE2): Effects mediated via LTB4R :
Gaudreault and Gosselin , 2008
- LGALS1 lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 1: Galectin 1 binds to
the virus and knockout mice are more susceptible to inection Yang
et al, 2011
- LGALS2 lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 2: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- LGALS8 lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 8: Promotes viral binding
to the target cell Chernyy
et al, 2011
- LGALS9 lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 9: regulates influenza
A virus-specific humoral and CD8 T-cell responses Sharma
et al, 2011.
- LGMN legumain : asparaginyl endopeptidase: legumain deficient mice
are unable to generate a strong anti-influenza immune response: Cleaves
TLR7 Maschalidi
et al, 2012
- LHX3 LIM homeobox 3 : siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- LIMK1 LIM domain kinase 1: Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- LIMS3 LIM and senescent cell antigen-like domains 3 : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- LINGO1 leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- LIPP27 component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral infection
Lietzén
et al, 2011
- LMNA lamin A/C: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- LNX2 ligand of numb-protein X 2: binds to viral HA, M1, M2, NS1, PA,
PB1, PB2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- LONP1 lon peptidase 1, mitochondrial (PRSS15): siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- LTB4R leukotriene B4 receptor : Leukotriene b4 exerts antiviral effects
by increasing the relase of antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidin
(CAMP) and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (RNASE2): Effects mediated
via LTB4R :
Gaudreault and Gosselin , 2008
- MEX3A mex-3 homolog A (C. elegans) (Ex LOC92312) siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- KIAA1267 (Ex LOC284058) siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary
hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- LOC401431 hypothetical LOC401431 siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- HNRNPA1P16 heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 pseudogene 16
(Ex LOC440396) Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- LOC441239 hypothetical gene supported by BC063653 : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- LOC643641 KIAA0543, KIAA0543 protein : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- LOC653712 hypothetical LOC653712 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- LOC728683 similar to LOC442421 protein : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- LOC730974 hypothetical LOC730974 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- LPPR4 lipid phosphate phosphatase-related protein type 4 [: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- LONP1 lon peptidase 1, mitochondrial: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- LRP1B low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1B: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- LRP11 low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 11: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- LRPPRC leucine-rich PPR-motif containing: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- LRRC16A leucine rich repeat containing 16A: facilitates host cell
resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation
study) Sui
et al, 2009
- LRRFIP1 leucine rich repeat (in FLII) interacting protein 1 recruited
to influenza-containing early endosomes Bagashev
et al, 2010
- LRRK1 leucine-rich repeat kinase 1 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- LINGO1 leucine rich repeat and Ig domain containing 1 (= LRRN6A) siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- LSM4 LSM4 homolog, U6 small nuclear RNA associated (S. cerevisiae)
: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random
Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- LSM14A LSM14A, SCD6 homolog A (S. cerevisiae): Binds to NS1 Mok
et al, 2012
- LSMD1 LSM domain containing 1Downregulated by H5N1 infection in chicken
or canine cell lines Balasubramaniam
et al, 2011
- LTA lymphotoxin alpha (TNF superfamily, member 1) : T and B cellresponses
to influenza are impaired in LTA knockout mice Lund
et al, 2002
- LTK leukocyte receptor tyrosine kinase : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- LY6G6C lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus G6C: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- LY75 lymphocyte antigen 75: component of the macrophage inflammasome
during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- LYN v-yes-1 Yamaguchi sarcoma viral related oncogene homolog : component
of the macrophage inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- LYPLA1 lysophospholipase I : binds to viral NS1 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- LYZ lysozyme: component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral
infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- LZTS2 leucine zipper, putative tumor suppressor 2: binds to NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- MADD MAP-kinase activating death domain: binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009
- MAGEA6 melanoma antigen family A, 6 : binds to viral NP,PB2 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- MAGEA11 melanoma antigen family A, 11 binds to viral NP,PB1,PB2 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- MAGEA12 MAGEA12 binds to NS1 Udorn strain Shapira
et al, 2009
- MAGED1melanoma antigen family D, 1 associates with the viral polymerase
Shapira
et al, 2010
- MAGI1 membrane associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing
1 associates with NS1 Liu
et al, 2010
- MAGI2 membrane associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing
2 associates with NS1 Liu
et al, 2010
- MAGI3 membrane associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain containing
3 associates with NS1 Liu
et al, 2010
- MAL mal, T-cell differentiation protein involved in hemagglutinin
sorting Puertollano
et al, 1999
- MAN2B1 mannosidase, alpha, class 2B, member 1: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- MAP1A microtubule-associated protein 1A: binds to the viral nucleoprotein
(Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2010 Aug;26(8):1037-41. Chinese.)
- MAP1B microtubule-associated protein 1B: binds to the viral nucleoprotein
(Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2010 Aug;26(8):1037-41. Chinese.)
- MAP1LC3A microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 alpha (LC3):
siRNA knockdown reduces extracellular viral yield Zhou
et al, 2009
- MAP1LC3C Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- MAP2K1 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 MAP2K1 binds to PB2,PB1
Shapira
et al, 2009 Viral infection activates the Raf/MEK/ERK cascade Pleschka
et al, 2001.
- MAP2K2 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 Viral infection activates
the Raf/MEK/ERK cascade Pleschka
et al, 2001. Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- MAP2K3 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- MAP2K4 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4: Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MAP2K5 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- MAP2K7 binds to PB2,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- MAP3K7 binds to PB2,NS1,NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- MAP3K7IP1 binds to PB2,NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- MAP3K11 mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 11 : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- MAP3K12 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- MAP4K4 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- MAP7 microtubule-associated protein 7: binds to polymerase 3P complex
Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MAPKAPK2 mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase
2 required for viral propagation, acting via inhibition of PKR Luig
et al, 2010
- MAPKAPK3 mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase
3 required for viral propagation, acting via inhibition of PKR Luig
et al, 2010
- MAPK1 mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 Viral infection activates
the Raf/MEK/ERK cascade Pleschka
et al, 2001. Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- MAPK3 mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 : MAPK3 binds to PB1,M1,M2,PB2
Shapira
et al, 2009 facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- MAPK8 mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (jnk) AP1 and jnk activated
by viral RNA accumulation Ludwig
et al, 2001
- MAPK9 mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 associates with the viral
polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- MAPK14 mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (p38) MAPK14 binds to PB2
Shapira
et al, 2009 T cell activation of MAPK14 facilitates the immune response
to the virus Conze
et al, 2000.
- MARCO macrophage receptor with collagenous structure: Regulates influenza
related inflammation Ghosh
et al, 2011
- MARCH2 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- MARK2 MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 2: Involved in early
steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- MARS methionyl-tRNA synthetase interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MASP1 mannan-binding lectin serine peptidase 1 (C4/C2 activating component
of Ra-reactive factor): Influenza susceptibility is increased in knockout
mice Takahashi
et al, 200
- MATN3 matrilin 3: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- MAVS mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (IPS-1) complexes with
NS1/DDX58 Mibayashi
et al, 2007
- MBL2 mannose-binding lectin (protein C) 2, soluble: inhibits viral
infection in vitro and MBL2 null mice are more susceptible to infection
Chang
et al, 2010
- MBOAT2 membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain containing 2: facilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- MBP myelin basic protein binds to the virus Malhotra
et al, 1994
- MCM2 minichromosome maintenance complex component 2: Interacts with
the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- MCCC1 methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase 1: Antiviral versus Influenza
, human enterovirus 71 and vesicular stomatitis virus Cao
et al, 2016
- MCM3 minichromosome maintenance complex component 3: Interacts with
the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- MCM4 minichromosome maintenance complex component 4: Interacts with
the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- MCM5: minichromosome maintenance complex component 5: Interacts with
the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- MCM7 minichromosome maintenance complex component 7: Interacts with
the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- MCM8 minichromosome maintenance complex component 8: Interacts with
the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- MDM2 p53 binding protein homolog: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- MDN1 midasin homolog (yeast): facilitates host cell resistance to
lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- MED6 mediator complex subunit 6: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- MED14 mediator complex subunit 14 (CRSP2) siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010fcr
- MEOX2 mesenchyme homeobox 2 associates with the viral polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- MET met proto-oncogene (hepatocyte growth factor receptor) involved
in viral entry Eierhoff
et al, 2010
- Methadone enhances viral replication Chen
et al, 2015
- MIB1 mindbomb homolog 1 (Drosophila) : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- MICB MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence B: upregulated in infected
macrophages suggesting a role for MICB in the activation of IFNG in
natural killer cells Siren
et al, 2004
- MID1IP1 MID1 interacting protein 1 (gastrulation specific G12 homolog
(zebrafish)): Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- MGC16075 hypothetical LOC84847: binds to viral NS1 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- Microrna's (Human) binding to the viral genome and their predicted
human targets (linked) Only some examples are shown: For many more predicted
microRNA's targeting viruses see the VITA
database
- MIR323
, MIR491,
and MIR654
inhibit replication of the H1N1 influenza A virus by binding to
the PB1 gene Song
et al, 2010.
- MIR26A and MIR939
regulate H1N1 viral replication Liu
et al, 2010
- MIR92A and MIR145 target the viral hemaglutinin MIR150 targets
PB2 He
et al, 2009
- MIF macrophage migration inhibitory factor (glycosylation-inhibiting
factor) (aka dopachrome tautomerase): involved in the inflammatory response
to infection Hou
et al, 2009 binds to PB1-F2 protein Guan
et al, 2012
- MINK1 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- MIPOL1 mirror-image polydactyly 1 : binds to viral NP,PB2 proteins
Shapira
et al, 2009
- Mitochondrial respiration, caused by a block in the mitochondrial
electron-transport chain, is inhibited by influenza, and herpes simplex
HSV-1 Derakhshan
et al, 2006 .
- MIR29C microRNA 29c : Viral induction inhibits the innate immune response
through protection of A20 mRNA Zhang
et al, 2015.
- MIR451A microRNA 451a: upregulated by infection and regulates dendritic
cell cytokine responses to influenza infection Rosenberger
et al, 2012
- MLH1 mutL homolog 1, colon cancer, nonpolyposis type 2 (E. coli) associates
with the viral polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- MLYCD malonyl-CoA decarboxylasesiRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- MME membrane metallo-endopeptidase: inactivates peptide hormones including
glucagon, enkephalins, substance P, neurotensin, oxytocin, and bradykinin:
infection causes airway hyperresponsiveness by decreasing MME expression
Jacoby
et al, 1988
- MMP2 matrix metallopeptidase 2 (gelatinase A, 72kDa gelatinase, 72kDa
type IV collagenase): Epithelial expression of type IV collagenases
(MMP2 and MMP9) increased by infection Yeo
et al, 1999
- MMP9 matrix metallopeptidase 9 (gelatinase B, 92kDa gelatinase, 92kDa
type IV collagenase) upregulated by infection and implicated in blood
brain barrier damage Kido
et al, 2008
- MMS19 nucleotide excision repair homolog (S. cerevisiae): Binds to
polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MOAP1 modulator of apoptosis 1: interacts with PB1-F2 protein Cui
et al, 2012
- MON2 MON2 homolog (S. cerevisiae): Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MORC3 MORC family CW-type zinc finger 3 antagonises the viral polymerase
Bortz et al, 2011
- MPO Myeloperoxidase possesses viricidal activity Yamamoto
et al, 1991
- MRC1 mannose receptor, C type 1 Viral receptor Upham
et al, 2010
- MRPL12 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L12 ; regulates viral replication
Hao
et al, 2008
- MRPL42 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L42 facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- MRPS6 mitochondrial ribosomal protein S6 Binds to polymerase PA-PB1
Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MRPS7 Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MRPS17 Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MRPS31 Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MSANTD3 Myb/SANT-like DNA-binding domain containing 3: binds to the
nucleoprotein from a swine and human influenza virus Generous
et al, 2014
- MSRA siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- MST1R siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- MTAP methylthioadenosine phosphorylase: binds to viral NS1 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- MTDH metadherin: binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MTOR mechanistic target of rapamycin (serine/threonine kinase) (Ex
FRAP1 : FK506 binding protein 12-rapamycin associated protein 1 ) Binds
to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- MUC5AC mucin 5AC, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming: Airway mucin induced
by infection Barbier
et al, 2012
- MUC5B mucin 5B, oligomeric mucus/gel-forming: Salivary protein that
promotes viral neutralisation White
et al, 2009
- MX1 myxovirus (influenza virus) resistance 1, interferon-inducible
protein p78 (mouse) a dynamin-like GTPase with broad spectrum antiviral
activity Haller
and Kochs , 2011 binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MX2 myxovirus (influenza virus) resistance 2 (mouse) possesses anti-influenza
activity (in rats) when translocated to the nucleus Johannes
et al, 1993
- MYC v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (avian): MYC binds
to NP Shapira
et al, 2009 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- MYD88 myeloid differentiation primary response gene (88) :TLR7 and
MYD88 control interferon production in response to the virus Diebold
et al, 2004
- MYLK myosin light chain kinase: Involved in a macropinocytotic route
of viral entry
de Vries et al, 2011
- MYO1C myosin IC: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- MYOD1 myogenic differentiation 1: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- MYT1L myelin transcription factor 1-like: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- N-acetyl cysteine has antiviral properties but this is strain-dependent
Garigliany
and Desmecht , 2011
- N4BP2 NEDD4 binding protein 2: facilitates host cell resistance to
lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- NAA10 N(alpha)-acetyltransferase 10, NatA catalytic subunit: (Ex ARD1A)
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- NADK NAD kinase : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- NAE1 NEDD8 activating enzyme E1 subunit 1 (Ex APPBP1 amyloid precursor
binding protein ) siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit
table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- NAGA N-acetylgalactosaminidase, alpha
(Viral ): The hemagglutinin protein possesses active
trypsin dependent NAGA activity that deglycosylates the vitamin D3 binding
protein (GC) Yamamoto
and Urade, 2005
- NAGK N-acetylglucosamine kinase : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- NAGPA N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphodiester alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase
: Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- NAIP NLR family, apoptosis inhibitory protein (Ex BIRC1) siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- NBPF22P neuroblastoma breakpoint family, member 22, pseudogene: binds
to viral M1 protein Shapira
et al, 2009
- NCAPH2 non-SMC condensin II complex, subunit H2: Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- NCBP1 nuclear cap binding protein subunit 1, 80kDa associates with
viral mRNA Bier
et al, 2011
- NCL nucleolin interacts with NS1 Murayama
et al, 2007
- NCK2 NCK adaptor protein 2 : siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- NCR1 natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 1 binds to and is activated
by the hemagglutinin protein Arnon
et al, 2006
- NCR2 natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 2 binds to and is activated
by the hemagglutinin protein Arnon
et al, 2006
- NDRG3 NDRG family member 3: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal
influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- NDUFA7 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 7, 14.5kDafacilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- NDUFA10 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 10, 42kDa:
Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- NDUFAF2 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, assembly
factor 2: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- NDUFA13 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex, 13: involved
in apoptosis induced in H5N1 virus-infected human macrophages Ekchariyawat
et al, 2013.
- NDUFS3 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein 3, 30kDa (NADH-coenzyme
Q reductase): binds to viral PA protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- NEK6 NIMA (never in mitosis gene a)-related kinase 6 : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- NEK8 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- NEK9 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- NF1L2 neurofibromin 1-like 2 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- NFAT5 nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5, tonicity-responsive :
Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- NFATC4 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent
4 [ regulates the transcription of H5N1 modified genes in human epithelial
cells
- NFE2L2 nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (nrf2) regulates
viral entry and replication in nasal epithelial cells Kesic
et al, 2011.
- NFKB1 nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells
1 NFKB1 binds to PA,NP,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009 and negatively regulates the effects of interferon and
antiviral activity Wei
et al, 2006
- NFKBIA nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in
B-cells inhibitor, alphaPhosphorylated by viral infection Mak
et al, 2004
- NFKBID nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in
B-cells inhibitor, delta: Knockout modifis the production of antibodies
in response to infection Touma
et al, 2011
- NGF nerve growth factor expression decreased decreased in the hippocampus
of infected mice Jurgens
et al, 2012
- NHP2L1 NHP2 non-histone chromosome protein 2-like 1 (S. cerevisiae)
: Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- NLE1 notchless homolog 1 (Drosophila) (Ex FLJ10458) siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- NLGN4X neuroligin 4, X-linked : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- NLRC5 NLR family, CARD domain containing 5: NS1 binds to NLRC5 Ranjan
et al, 2014
- NLRP3 NLR family, pyrin domain containing 3 The M2 protein stimulates
the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway Ichinohe
et al, 2010. . component of the macrophage inflammasome during
viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- NLRX1 NLR family member X1: weakens cytokine responses to the 2009
H1N1 pandemic influenza virus in human cells Allen
et al, 2011 binds to PB1-F2 protein Jaworska
et al, 2014
- NMI N-myc (and STAT) interactor: Interacts with the viral polymerase
Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- NOLC1 – nucleolar and coiled-body phosphoprotein 1 : Binds to
NS1 Zhu
et al, 2013
- NOD1 nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 1: binds
to PB1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- NOD2 nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2: protects
mice against influenza virus infection:
Coulombe et al, 2012
- NOS1 nitric oxide synthase 1, neuronal: Prenatal infection induces
durable brain changes in NOS1 expression postnatally
Fatemi et al, 2000
- NOS2 nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible: Induced in macrophages by
infection Imanishi
et al, 2005
- NOTUM notum pectinacetylesterase homolog (Drosophila) : facilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- NOX4 NADPH oxidase 4: viral replication in lung epithelial cells depends
on redox-sensitive pathways activated by NOX4-derived reactive oxygen
species Amatore
et al, 2015
- NPAS1 neuronal PAS domain protein 1: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- NPC1 Niemann-Pick disease, type C1: infection success depends on host
cell cholesterol distribution. Decreasedviral replication caused by
upregulated AnxA6 expression can be restored by exogenous replenishment
of host cell cholesterol or by ectopic expression of the late endosomal
cholesterol transporter NPC1 Musiol
et al, 2013.
- NPM1 nucleophosmin (nucleolar phosphoprotein B23, numatrin) required
by both H1N1 and H5N1 polymerases Bortz
et al, 2011. Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- NPNT nephronectin: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- NPY1R neuropeptide Y receptor Y1 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- NR2F1 nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 1 :binds to PB1,NS1
Shapira
et al, 2009
- NR3C1 nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 1 (glucocorticoid
receptor): Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- NRAV negative regulator of antiviral response (non-protein coding)
: modulates antiviral responses through suppression of interferon-stimulated
gene transcription Ouyang
et al, 2014.
- NRAS neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene homolog activation increases
viral replication Zhu
et al, 2011
- NRBP1 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- NRF1 nuclear respiratory factor 1 associates with the viral polymerase
Shapira
et al, 2010
- NRG1 Neuregulin 1: Expression reduced in the prefrontal cortex in
neonatally infected mice Asp
et al, 2009
- NSF N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- NTHL1 nth endonuclease III-like 1 (E. coli): siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- NTRK1 neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor, type 1 (NGF receptor
TrkA): Inhibition suppresses viral replication Kumar
et al, 2011
- NTRK2 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- NTSR1 neurotensin receptor 1 (high affinity) : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- NUDCD3 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- NUDT4 nudix (nucleoside diphosphate linked moiety X)-type motif 4:
siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- NUP54 nucleoporin 54kDa: Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- NUP93 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- NUP98 nucleoporin 98kDa binds to NS2 Chen
et al, 2010
- siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- NUP153 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- NUP205 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- NUP214 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- NXF1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- NXF3 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- NXT1 NTF2-like export factor 1 NS1 forms an inhibitory complex with
NXF1/TAP, p15/NXT, Rae1/mrnp41, and E1B-AP5 Satterly
et al, 2007
- OAS1 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1, 40/46kDa the NS1A protein
binds to double stranded DNA sequestering it away from OAS1 Min
and Krug,2006
- OLA1 facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- OPN1SW siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- OPRS1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- OR4M1 olfactory receptor, family 4, subfamily M, member 1 : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- OR51T1 olfactory receptor, family 51, subfamily T, member 1 : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- OR10H4 olfactory receptor, family 10, subfamily H, member 4 : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ORM1 orosomucoid 1 binds to hemagglutinin Mandenius
et al, 2008
- OSBP oxysterol binding protein: IFITM3 interacts with VAPA and prevents
its association with OSBP, disrupting intracellular cholesterol homeostasis
and inhibiting viral entry Amini-Bavil-Olyaee
et al, 2013
- OSBPL5 binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- OSMR oncostatin M receptor : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- OXSR1 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- P2RX7 essential for macrophage inflammasome activation during viral
infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- P2RY12
- PA2G4 proliferation-associated 2G4, 38kDa (ErbB3-binding protein Ebp1)
Inhibits the viral polymerase Honda
et al, 2007
- The polymerase PB1-contact site on Ebp1 (PA2G4) overlaps with
the interaction site with ErbB3 (epidermal receptor tyrosine kinase),
androgen receptor (AR) and retinoblastoma gene product (Rb) Honda
et al, 2007
- PABPC1 poly(A) binding protein, cytoplasmic 1 associates with viral
mRNA Bier
et al, 2011
- PABPN1 poly(A) binding protein, nuclear 1 binds to NS1 Chen
et al, 1999
- PAF1 binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PAICS siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- PAK1 Component of the virus-induced IRF3 activating pathway Ehrhardt
et al, 2004.
- PAK2 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PAK3 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PALM2 paralemmin 2 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- PANK4 pantothenate kinase 4 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- PAOX polyamine oxidase (exo-N4-amino) siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- Oxidised polyamines (spermine, spermidine ) exert antiviral effects
via ammonia, hydrogen peroxide and aminoaldehyde generation Bachrach
2007
- PAPOLA facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- PAQR8 progestin and adipoQ receptor family member VIII (Progesterone
receptor) (Ex C6orf33) siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary
hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- PARP1 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 required by both H1N1 and H5N1
polymerases Bortz
et al, 2011. Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- PARP10 poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase family, member 10: Binds to NS1
Yu
et al, 2011
- PART1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- PASD1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- PBK PDZ binding kinase : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- PC facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- PCBD1 pterin-4 alpha-carbinolamine dehydratase/dimerization cofactor
of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 alpha: Interacts with the viral polymerase
Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- PCCB propionyl Coenzyme A carboxylase, beta polypeptide : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PCDH18 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PCMT1 facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- PCNA proliferating cell nuclear antigen: Interacts with the viral
polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- PCSK7 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PDGFRA platelet-derived growth factor receptor, alpha polypeptide:
Inhibition suppresses viral replication Kumar
et al, 2011
- PDGFRB platelet-derived growth factor receptor, beta polypeptide:
Inhibition suppresses viral replication Kumar
et al, 2011
- PDK3 pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 3 : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PDLIM2 PDZ and LIM domain 2 (mystique) interacts with H1N1 NS1 Yu
et al, 2011
- PDSS2 prenyl (decaprenyl) diphosphate synthase, subunit 2: Downregulated
by H5N1 infection in chicken or canine cell lines Balasubramaniam
et al, 2011
- PEN2 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- PEPD peptidase D: siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit
table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- PEX5L facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- PFDN2 Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PHF2 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PHGDHL1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table)
Karlas
et al, 2010
- PIK3C3 facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- PIK3C2A binds to NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- PIK3C2G siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table)
Karlas
et al, 2010
- PIK3CB siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- PIK3R2 phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 2 (beta) binds
to NS1, activating phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling Hale
et al, 2006.
- PIK3R4 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- PIK3R5 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PIN1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PIP5K1C Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- PKD1 polycystic kidney disease 1 (autosomal dominant) : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PJA2 praja ring finger 2: binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PKD2L2 polycystic kidney disease 2-like 2: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- PKD1 polycystic kidney disease 1 (autosomal dominant) Involved in
early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PLAC8 placenta-specific 8 associates with the viral polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- PLAT plasminogen activator, tissue: (Viral): The hemagglutinin protein
has homology with plasminogen activators and possesses anticoagulant
and fibrinolytic activities which affects the blood clotting factors
fibrinogen and factor XIII in vitro and in vivo Zhilinskaia
et al, 1996
- PLAUR plasminogen activator, urokinase receptor (Viral): See PLAT
Zhilinskaia
et al, 1996
- PLAU plasminogen activator, urokinase: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010 . facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- PLCB1 phospholipase C, beta 1 (phosphoinositide-specific): facilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- PLCG1 phospholipase C, gamma 1: Itk/PLCG1 signaling is activated by
viral infection in T cells Fan
et al, 2012 . Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- PLD2 phospholipase D2: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PLEC plectin facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- PLG plasminogen binds to neuraminidase Goto
et al, 2001
- PLK3 polo-like kinase 3: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PLK4 polo-like kinase 4: Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PLSCR1phospholipid scramblase 1: Primary dendritic cells from PLSCR1-deficient
mice produced lower amount of type 1 IFN than wild-type mice in response
to herpes simplex virus and influenza A virus Talukder
et al, 2012
- PML promyelocytic leukemia binds to NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009 depletion increases susceptibility to infection Li
et al, 2009
- PNMA1 paraneoplastic antigen MA1: binds to viral PB2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- POLR2A polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide A, 220kDa: Interacts
with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- POLR2ACSK1B polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide A, 220kDa:
binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- POLR2B polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide B, 140kDa: Interacts
with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- POLR2H polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide H: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- POLR2L polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide L, 7.6kDa: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- POLR3F polymerase (RNA) III (DNA directed) polypeptide F, 39 kDa:
Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- POLA1 polymerase (DNA directed), alpha 1 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- POLK polymerase (DNA directed) kappafacilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- POLR2C polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide C, 33kDa: Binds
to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PPP1R12C protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 12C
: Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PPP1R14D protein phosphatase 1, regulatory (inhibitor) subunit 14D:
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PPP2R2B protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B, beta: binds to
NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- PPP2R5C protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B', gamma associates
with the viral polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- PPP6C protein phosphatase 6, catalytic subunit: Binds to polymerase
PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PPIA peptidylprolyl isomerase A (cyclophilin A) binds to M1 Liu
et al, 2009 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- PPIE peptidylprolyl isomerase E (cyclophilin E) negatively regulates
viral replication Wang
et al, 2011
- PPIF peptidylprolyl isomerase F : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- PPP6C protein phosphatase 6, catalytic subunit: cellular factor required
for efficient virus replication: York
et al, 2014
- PRADC1 protease-associated domain containing 1 (Ex C2orf7) siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 201
- PRDX1 peroxiredoxin 1 virion component (proteomics study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- PRDX2 component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral infection
Lietzén
et al, 2011
- PRF1 perforin 1 (pore forming protein): plays a role in the host defense
system by inducing apoptosis of virus-infected cells Liu
et al, 2003
- PRKAA1 protein kinase, AMP-activated, alpha 1 catalytic subunit :
essential for T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cell development and primary
T cell responses to viral and bacterial infections Blagih
et al, 2015
- PRKACA protein kinase, cAMP-dependent, catalytic, alpha: Involved
in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PRKAG2 protein kinase, AMP-activated, gamma 2 non-catalytic subunit:
Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PRKCA protein kinase C, alpha phosphorylates the PB1-F2 protein Mitzner
et al, 2009 . component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral
infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- PRKCB protein kinase C, beta regulates late endosomal sorting of the
virus Sieczkarski
et al, 2003
- PRKCD protein kinase C, delta: Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PRKCI protein kinase C, iota : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- PRKD3 protein kinase D3: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal
influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- PRKDC protein kinase, DNA activated, catalytic polypeptide: binds
to NP Shapira
et al, 2009 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PRKRA protein kinase, interferon-inducible double stranded RNA dependent
activator associates with the viral polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- PRM1 protamine 1 natural polycations such as protamine, histones H1,
H2A, H2B and H3 cause clustering of the influenza viral particles Antohi
et al, 1983
- PRM2 protamine 2 Viral particles have very high affinity for protamine
Antohi
et al 1984
- PRMT1 protein arginine methyltransferase 1binds to the viral nucleoprotein
(Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2010 Aug;26(8):1037-41. Chinese.)
- PRMT5 protein arginine methyltransferase 5: binds to polymerase 3P
complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- Prostaglandin A1 inhibits avian influenza virus replication Carta
et al, 2014
- Prostaglandin E2: upregulated by infection , causing inhibition of
type I interferon production and apoptosis in macrophages, thereby causing
an increase in virus replication Coulombe
et al, 2014.
- PRPF6 PRP6 pre-mRNA processing factor 6 homolog (S. cerevisiae): Binds
to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PRPF8 PRP8 pre-mRNA processing factor 8 homolog (S. cerevisiae) :
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PRPH2 retinal degeneration, slow : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PRPS1 phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase 1: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PRSS1 protease, serine, 1 (trypsin 1) cleaves the viral haemaglutinin
Cleeland
and Sugg, 1963
- PRSS27 protease, serine 27 (pancreasin) (Ex MPN) siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- PRSS35 protease, serine, 35: Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PSAP prosaposin: siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit
table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- PSENEN presenilin enhancer 2 homolog (C. elegans): iRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PSMA1 proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha type, 1: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PSMA7 proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, alpha type, 7: Interacts
with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- PSMB1 proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, beta type, 1: Binds
to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PSMB9 proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, beta type, 9 (large
multifunctional peptidase 2) Influences antigen processing : Knockout
mice generate fewer influenza nucleoprotein-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte
precursors Van
Kaer et al, 1994
- PSMC1 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, ATPase, 1: Binds
to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PSMC6 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, ATPase, 6: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- PSMD1 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 1 :
Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PSMD2 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 2:
siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PSMD3 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 3 :
Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PSMD8 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 8:
Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- PSMD9 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 9:
(p27) siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PSMD14 proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 1:siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PSME2 proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 2 (PA28 beta)
: binds to the nucleoprotein from a swine and human influenza virus
Generous
et al, 2014
- PTAFR platelet-activating factor receptor regulates infleunnza lung
injury and death Garcia
et al, 2010
- PTBP1 polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1: facilitates host cell
resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation
study) Sui
et al, 2009
- PTCH1 patched 1 regulates infection Li
et al, 2009
- PTGER2 prostaglandin E receptor 2 :Inhibition improved survival against
lethal viral infection Coulombe
et al, 2014
- PTGER4 prostaglandin E receptor 4: Inhibition improved survival against
lethal viral infection Coulombe
et al, 2014
- PTGES prostaglandin E synthase: Knockout improved survival against
lethal viral infection Coulombe
et al, 2014
- PTGES3 prostaglandin E synthase 3 (cytosolic) (hsp90 chaperone) associates
with the viral polymerase Ge
et al, 2011 Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PTGS1 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 COX-1 deficiency is detrimental
in infection Carey
et al, 2005
- PTGS2 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 COX-2 deficiency is beneficial
to the host during influenza viral infection Carey
et al, 2005.
- Aspirin blocks viral propagation via effects on NFKB1 Mazur
et al, 2007
- PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 (fak) : regulates viral entry Elbahesh
et al, 2014
- PTMA prothymosin, alpha : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- PTPMT1 protein tyrosine phosphatase, mitochondrial 1: Involved in
early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- PTPRM protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, M :protein tyrosine
phosphatase, receptor type, N
- PTPRN protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type, NsiRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- PTRF Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PTS 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 201
- PTX3 pentraxin 3, long: Possesses antiviral activity Reading
et al, 2008
- PURB purine-rich element binding protein : binds to polymerase 3P
complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- PYCARD PYD and CARD domain containing: The influenza immune response
and mortality is reduced in Nlrp3, Pycard, or caspase-1 knockout mice
Allen
et al, 2009 component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral
infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate binds to the viral transcriptase Romanos
and Hay, 1984
- QTRT1 queuine tRNA-ribosyltransferase 1: binds to viral PA protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- RAB1B RAB1B, member RAS oncogene family:Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RAB6B RAB6B, member RAS oncogene family: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- RAB11A RAB11A, member RAS oncogene family transports the viral genome
to the cell surface Eisfeld
et al, 2011
- RAB11B RAB11B, member RAS oncogene family: Involved in early steps
of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- RAB17 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- RAB32 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RABEP1 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- RABGAP1 RAB GTPase activating protein 1 (Ex FLJ12346) siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- RABGEF1 RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) 1 associates
with the viral polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- RAC1 ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small
GTP binding protein Rac1) Component of the virus-induced IRF3 activating
pathway Ehrhardt
et al, 2004.
- RACGAP1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010 . Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- RAD51L1 facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- RAD54L RAD54-like (S. cerevisiae) : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- RAE1 RAE1 RNA export 1 homolog (S. pombe) NS1 forms an inhibitory
complex with NXF1/TAP, p15/NXT, Rae1/mrnp41, and E1B-AP5
- RAF1 v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 Inhibition of
Raf signalling results in nuclear retention of viral ribonucleoprotein
complexes , impaired function of the nuclear-export protein (NEP/NS2)
and inhibition of virus production Pleschka
et al, 2001
- RANBP3 RAN binding protein 3 involved in viral RNP nuclear export
Predicala
and Zhou, 2013.
- RANBP6 RAN binding protein 6: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RANBP9 RAN binding protein 9: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- RARRES3 retinoic acid receptor responder (tazarotene induced) 3 (|RIG1)
ubiquitination blocked by NS1 viral protein
- RARS arginyl-tRNA synthetase : Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RARS2 arginyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial: Binds
to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RB1 Retinoblastoma 1The polymerase PB1-contact site on Ebp1 (PA2G4)
overlaps with the interaction site with ErbB3, the androgen receptor
(AR) and the retinoblastoma gene product Honda
et al, 2007
- RBCK1 chromosome 20 open reading frame 18 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- RBM3 RNA binding motif (RNP1, RRM) protein 3: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- RBM5 RNA binding motif protein 5 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- RBM14 RNA binding motif protein 14 enhances the activity of the viral
polymerase Bortz
et al, 2011 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- RBM42 RNA binding motif protein 42 siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- RBPMS RNA binding protein with multiple splicing: binds to viral M2,PB1,PB2
protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- RCC1 regulator of chromosome condensation 1 viral ribonucleoprotein
complexes bind to chromatin (export controlled by RCC1 and XPO1 (crm1)
Chase
et al, 2011
- REL v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog (avian): Modulates
the antibody response to the virus Harling-McNabb
et al, 1999
- RELA v-rel reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene homolog A (avian)
(p65) RELA binds to PB1,M1,M2,PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009 knockdown reduces viral replication and RNA synthesis
Kumar et al, 2008.
- RELN Reelin : Influenza infection in day 9 pregnant mice reduces the
expression of reelin in day 0 neonatal brain Fatemi
et al, 1999
- RETN resistin siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- REV3L REV3-like, catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase zeta (yeast)
: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random
Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- RFFL ring finger and FYVE-like domain containing 1 siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- RFNG RFNG O-fucosylpeptide 3-beta-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase:
facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random
Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- RFX3 regulatory factor X, 3 (influences HLA class II expression):
facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random
Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- RGNEF 190 kDa guanine nucleotide exchange factor : facilitates host
cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene
Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- RGS2 regulator of G-protein signaling 2, 24kDa : facilitates host
cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene
Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- RGS4 regulator of G-protein signaling 4: Expression upregulated in
the brains of infected mice Beraki
et al, 2005
- RHOA ras homolog gene family, member A: binds to PB2,M2,PB1,M1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- RICTOR RPTOR independent companion of MTOR, complex 2: Binds to polymerase
PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RING1 ring finger protein 1 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- RIOK3 RIO kinase 3: knockdown of RIOK3 inhibits cellular antiviral
responses against both DNA and RNA viruses (herpesvirus and influenza
A virus) Feng
et al, 2014
- RIPK2 receptor-interacting serine-threonine kinase 2: binds to PB2,NP,PB1
Shapira
et al, 2009
- RNASE2 ribonuclease, RNase A family, 2 (liver, eosinophil-derived
neurotoxin) Leukotriene b4 exerts antiviral effects by increasing the
relase of antimicrobial peptides such as cathelicidiand eosinophil-derived
neurotoxin (RNASE2): Effects mediated via LTB4R :
Gaudreault and Gosselin , 2008
- RNASEK ribonuclease, RNase K: .Required for endocytosis and replication
of Rhinovirus, Influenza A Virus, & Dengue Virus Perreira
et al, 2015.
- RNASEL ribonuclease L (2',5'-oligoisoadenylate synthetase-dependent):
IFN-beta-induced antiviral activity is due predominantly to the activation
of RNase L Min
and Krug,2006
- RNF5 ring finger protein 5: binds to viral PA protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- RNF43 ring finger protein 43: the nucleoprotein of influenza A virus
induces p53 signaling and apoptosis via attenuation of ubiquitin ligase
RNF43 Nailwal
et al, 2015.
- RNF150 ring finger protein 150: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- ROBO4 roundabout homolog 4, magic roundabout (Drosophila): Regulates
the cytokine storm London
et al, 2010
- ROCK1 Rho-associated, coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1: Involved
in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ROGDI rogdi homolog (Drosophila) : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ROR2 receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- RPA1 replication protein A1, 70kDa: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- RPL5 ribosomal protein L5 interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007 Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- RPL8 ribosomal protein L8: Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- RPL9 ribosomal protein L9: interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- RPL10A Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RPL11 ribosomal protein L11 : Interacts with the viral polymerase
Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- RPL14 Downregulated by H5N1 infection in chicken or canine cell lines
Balasubramaniam
et al, 2011
- C1QTNF9B C1q and tumor necrosis factor related protein 9B (Ex RP11-45B20.2)
: Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- RPL34 ribosomal protein L34: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RPL35 ribosomal protein L35: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- RPL36 ribosomal protein L36: binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RPLP0 ribosomal protein, large, P0: interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- RPS3 ribosomal protein S3: siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary
hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- RPS3A ribosomal protein S3A: binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RPS5 ribosomal protein S5 interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RPS6KA2 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 2 : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- RPS6KA3 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 3 RPS6KA3
binds to NA,HA,PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009 knockdown increases viral polymerase activity and viral
growth Kakugawa
et al, 2009
- RPS6KA4 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 4: binds to
NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- RPS6KA5 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 5 : binds
to NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- RPS7 ribosomal protein S7 interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- RPS9 ribosomal protein S9: Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- RPS10 ribosomal protein S10: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- RPS14 ribosomal protein S14: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- RPS16 ribosomal protein S16: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- RPS20 ribosomal protein S20: ribosomal protein S20 : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- RPS24 ribosomal protein S24: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- RPS27A ribosomal protein S27a: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- RRBP1 ribosome binding protein 1 homolog 180kDa: binds to polymerase
3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RRP1B ribosomal RNA processing 1B : Enhances the Recruitment of Cellular
mRNA in Influenza Virus Transcription Su
et al, 2015.
- RRP12 ribosomal RNA processing 12 homolog (S. cerevisiae): binds to
polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- RSAD2 radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2 (viperin)Viperin
binds to farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS) inhibits influenza virus
release by perturbing lipid rafts Wang
et al, 2007
- RTN4 reticulon 4 (nogo) Downregulated by H5N1 infection in chicken
or canine cell lines Balasubramaniam
et al, 2011
- RUNX1 runt-related transcription factor 1siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- RUVBL1 RuvB-like 1 (E. coli): binds to PA,NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- RUVBL2 RuvB-like 2 (E. coli) interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- RXRA retinoid X receptor, alpha: binds to PB1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- RYBP RING1 and YY1 binding protein : binds to PB1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- S100A8 S100 calcium binding protein A8: component of the macrophage
inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- S100A9 S100 calcium binding protein A9: component of the macrophage
inflammasome during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- SAE1 SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 1: Involved in early steps of
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SAFB scaffold attachment factor B: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- PPP6R1 protein phosphatase 6, regulatory subunit 1(SAPS1) Binds to
polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SARNP SAP domain containing ribonucleoprotein (Ex CIP29) facilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- SARS seryl-tRNA synthetase: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- SCN3A sodium channel, voltage-gated, type III, alpha subunit : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SCN8A sodium channel, voltage gated, type VIII, alpha subunit : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SCNN1D sodium channel, nonvoltage-gated 1, delta: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- SCNN1G sodium channel, nonvoltage-gated 1, gamma: The virus inhibits
alveolar epithelial ENaC function, vila PLCG1, SRC and protein kinase
C reducing transepithelial fluid clearance Chen
et al, 2004
- SCRIB scribbled homolog (Drosophila) associates with NS1 Liu
et al, 2010
- SDC1 syndecan 1: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SDCBP2 syndecan binding protein (syntenin) 2: binds to viral M1 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- SDPR serum deprivation response: binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SECISBP2 SECIS binding protein 2 associates with the viral polymerase
Shapira
et al, 2010
- Selenium exerts antiviral effects Yu
et al, 2011
- SELPLG selectin P ligand: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SEMA3A ema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), short basic domain,
secreted, (semaphorin) 3A : facilitates host cell resistance to lethal
influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- SEPT1 binds to viral NS1 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- SEPT9 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SERPINA1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table)
Karlas
et al, 2010 , component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral
infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- SERPINB1 regulates inflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production
in influenza infection Gong
et al, 2011.
- SERPINB2 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table)
Karlas
et al, 2010
- SERPINE1 serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen activator
inhibitor type 1), member 1 inhibits viral glycoprotein cleavage Dittmann
et al, 2015
- SET binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SETBP1 binds to viral M2 protein Shapira
et al, 2009
- SF3A1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SF3A3 facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- SF3B1 splicing factor 3b, subunit 1, 155kDa: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SF3B14 splicing factor 3B, 14 kDa subunit: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SFPQ splicing factor proline/glutamine-rich enhances the activity
of the viral polymerase Bortz
et al, 2011
- SFRS1 serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1: binds to polymerase
3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SFTPA1 surfactant protein A1 binds to the virus Malhotra
et al, 1994
- SFTPB siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SFTPD surfactant protein D inhibits the infectivity of influenza A
virus Crouch
et al, 2005
- SFXN3 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SGCA sarcoglycan, alpha (50kDa dystrophin-associated glycoprotein)
:: Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SGK1 serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase : Involved in early steps
of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SGK196 protein kinase-like protein SgK196 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SGPL1 sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 1 regulates viral propagation
and virulence Seo
et al, 2010
- SIAH1 binds to viral PB1 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009 : Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- SIAH2 seven in absentia homolog 2 (Drosophila) : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SIAH1 seven in absentia homolog 1 (Drosophila) associates with the
viral polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- S1PR1 sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (endothelial) agonists reduce
mortality caused by the H1N1 virus in mice, Walsh
et al, 2011
- SIGLEC5 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table)
Karlas
et al, 2010
- SIGMAR1 sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1: siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- Sirtuins SIRT1, SIRT2 SIRT3 SIRT4 SIRT5 SIRT6 SIRT7 exert broad antiviral
activity, influenza virus included Koyuncu
et al, 2014
- SNW1 (ex SKIIP) SNW domain containing 1: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- SLC2A1 solute carrier family 2 (facilitated glucose transporter),
member 1 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SLC6A19 solute carrier family 6 (neutral amino acid transporter),
member 19 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SLC9A3R1 solute carrier family 9 (sodium/hydrogen exchanger), member
3 regulator 1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table)
Karlas
et al, 2010
- SLC12A4 solute carrier family 12 (potassium/chloride transporters),
member 4: siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table)
Karlas
et al, 2010
- SLC22A6 solute carrier family 22 (organic anion transporter), member
6: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SLC22A8 – solute carrier family 22 (organic anion transporter),
member 8: required to support influenza A virus replication Perwitasari
et al, 2013
- SLC25A1 solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; citrate transporter),
member 1: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SLC25A6 solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; adenine nucleotide
translocator), member 6: solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier;
adenine nucleotide translocator), member 6 interacts with the viral
PB1-F2 protein inducing mitochobrial0related apoptosis (cytochrome C
release etc) Zamarin
et al, 2005
- SLC25A11 solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; oxoglutarate
carrier), member 11: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SLC25A12 solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier, Aralar),
member 12Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SLC25A13 solute carrier family 25, member 13 (citrin) Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SLC25A24 solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; phosphate
carrier), member 24: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SLC25A25 solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier; phosphate
carrier), member 25 : facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- SLC30A9 solute carrier family 30 (zinc transporter), member 9: facilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009 binds to the nucleoprotein from a swine and human influenza
virus Generous
et al, 2014
- SLC48A1 solute carrier family 48 (heme transporter), member 1 : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SLIRP SRA stem-loop interacting RNA binding protein: facilitates host
cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene
Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SLIT2 slit homolog 2 (Drosophila)Regulates the cytokine storm London
et al, 2010
- SMARCB1 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator
of chromatin, subfamily b, member 1 : Interacts with the viral polymerase
Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- SMARCD3 SWI/SNF related, matrix associated, actin dependent regulator
of chromatin, subfamily d, member 3 :Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SMC1A structural maintenance of chromosomes 1A: binds to NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- SMG1 PI-3-kinase-related kinase SMG-1 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SMU1 smu-1 suppressor of mec-8 and unc-52 homolog (C. elegans): siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SNAPC4 small nuclear RNA activating complex, polypeptide 4, 190kDa:
Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- SNCA synuclein, alpha (non A4 component of amyloid precursor) phosphorylated
in cerebral areasof infection Jang
et al, 2009
- SNRNP70 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70kDa (U1) siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SNRPA1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide A' : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SNRPF small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide F : siRNA knockdown
decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SNW1 SNW domain containing 1: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010 . . facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- SNX6 sorting nexin 6: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SNX9 sorting nexin 9: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SOCS1 suppressor of cytokine signaling 1: negatively regulates the
innate immune response triggered by the virus Pothlichet
et al, 2008
- SOCS2 suppressor of cytokine signaling 2
- SOCS3 suppressor of cytokine signaling 3: negatively regulates the
innate immune response triggered by the virus Pothlichet
et al, 2008
- SOD1 viral PB1-F2 overexpression resulted in SOD1 diminishment and
ROS enhancement in alveolar epithelial cells Shin et al, 2015,
- SOD2 superoxide dismutase 2, mitochondrial (Mn-Sod) The virus induces
the respiratory burst and superoxide production in neutrophils Mills
et al, 1981 and increases the expression of SOD2 and indoleamine
2,3-dioxygenase (IDO1) in lung epithelial cells , as does IFNG Jacoby
and Choi, 1994 Recombinant SOD2 reduced viral mortality in mice
Sidwell
et al, 1996
- SON SON DNA binding protein involved in virion traffic to late endosomes
Karlas
et al, 2010
- siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SOSTDC1 sclerostin domain containing 1: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- SP100 SP100 nuclear antigen associates with the viral polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- SPATA2L spermatogenesis associated 2-like (Ex MGC26885) siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- SPHK1 sphingosine kinase 1: regulates viral propagation and virulence
Seo
et al, 2010
- SPINT2 facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- SPN Sialophorin (CD43) Viral receptor Hartshorn
et al, 1995 . component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral
infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- SPNS1 spinster homolog 1 (Drosophila) : Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SPON2 spondin 2, extracellular matrix protein (Mindin) : Promotes
the intranasal clearance of the virus Jia
et al, 2008
- SPRYD4 SPRY domain containing 4: (Ex LOC283377) siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- SQRDL sulfide quinone reductase-like: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SQSTM1 involved in the autophagy response to the virus Law
et al, 2010
- SRC v-src sarcoma (Schmidt-Ruppin A-2) viral oncogene homolog (avian)
essential for macrophage inflammasome activation during viral infection
Lietzén
et al, 2011
- SRP68 signal recognition particle 68kDa interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- SRRM2 serine/arginine repetitive matrix 2: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- SRSF1 serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 binds to the mRNA of
viral M1 Shih
and Krug, 1996
- SRSF3 serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 3 interacts with the viral
ribonucleoprotein complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- SSBP2 single-stranded DNA binding protein 2: binds to viral PA protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- SSH3 slingshot homolog 3 (Drosophila) : facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- TSSK6 testis-specific serine kinase 6 (Ex SSTK) siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- SSTR5 somatostatin receptor 5: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- SSX2IP synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 2 interacting protein: binds
to NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- ST3GAL4 ST3 beta-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase 4 siRNA knockdown
decreases infection Monteerarat
et al, 2010
- ST6GAL1 ST6 beta-galactosamide alpha-2,6-sialyltranferase 1: Knockout
reduces the early influenza-specific increase in IgM and IgG levels
in the serum Zeng
et al, 2009
- ST6GALNAC6 ST6 (alpha-N-acetyl-neuraminyl-2,3-beta-galactosyl-1,3)-N-acetylgalactosaminide
alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 6 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- STAB1 stabilin 1: siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- STAT1 signal transducer and activator of transcription 1, 91kDaH5N1
NS1 reduces IFN-inducible tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT2 and
STAT3 Jia
et al, 2010. . STAT1 binds to PB2,NP Shapira
et al, 2009 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- STAT2 signal transducer and activator of transcription 2, 113kDa:
H5N1 NS1 reduces IFN-inducible tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT1, STAT2
and STAT3 Jia
et al, 2010.
- STAT3 signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (acute-phase
response factor): facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza
challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- STAU1 staufen, RNA binding protein, homolog 1 (Drosophila) interacts
with influenza virus ribonucleoproteins and is required for viral multiplication
De
Lucas et al, 2010 STAU1 binds to M1,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009 Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- STIP1 stress-induced-phosphoprotein 1: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009 Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- STK31 serine/threonine kinase 31 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- STK39 serine threonine kinase 39:Involved in early steps of viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- STOM Stomatin Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- STX5 syntaxin 5 : binds to viral NS1 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- STX7 syntaxin 7: UVRAG mediates viral endocytic transport and membrane
penetration through interactions with the class C vacuolar protein sorting
(C-Vps) tethering complex and endosomal glutamine-containing SNAREs
[syntaxin 7 (STX7), STX8, and vesicle transport through t-SNARE homolog
1B (Vti1b)]: Pirooz
et al, 2014
- STX8 syntaxin 8: UVRAG mediates viral endocytic transport and membrane
penetration through interactions with the class C vacuolar protein sorting
(C-Vps) tethering complex and endosomal glutamine-containing SNAREs
[syntaxin 7 (STX7), STX8, and vesicle transport through t-SNARE homolog
1B (Vti1b)]: Pirooz
et al, 2014
- STX10 syntaxin 10: Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- STXBP1 syntaxin binding protein 1: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- STXBP4 syntaxin binding protein 4: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- SULF2 sulfatase 2siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- Sulphatide binds to the virus and inhibits infection
Suzuki et al, 1996
- SULT2B1 sulfotransferase family, cytosolic, 2B, member 1 aclivateed
in the lungs of infected mice Chen
et al, 2011
- SUMO1 SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 1 (S. cerevisiae) Modifies
the NS1 protein Xu
et al, 2011 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- SUMO1P1 SUMO1 pseudogene 1: binds to NS2
- SUMO2 SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 2 (S. cerevisiae): Involved
in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SUMO3 SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 3 (S. cerevisiae): Sumo
1, 2 and 3 SUMOylate the NS1 protein Santos
et al, 2013
- SUMO4 SMT3 suppressor of mif two 3 homolog 4 (S. cerevisiae): Involved
in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SUPT3H suppressor of Ty 3 homolog (S. cerevisiae) : facilitates host
cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene
Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- SUPT5H suppressor of Ty 5 homolog (S. cerevisiae) : binds to polymerase
3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- SUPT6H suppressor of Ty 6 homolog (S. cerevisiae) : siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- SUZ12 suppressor of zeste 12 homolog (Drosophila): facilitates host
cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene
Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- SYCE2 synaptonemal complex central element protein 2 : Required for
viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- SYNGAP1 synaptic Ras GTPase activating protein 1 homolog (rat) : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- TACC1 transforming, acidic coiled-coil containing protein 1: binds
to viral PB2 protein Shapira
et al, 2009
- TAF6 RNA polymerase II, TATA box binding protein (TBP)-associated
factor, 80kDa: Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- TAMM41 mitochondrial translocator assembly and maintenance protein,
homolog (S. cerevisiae) (Ex MGC16471) siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TAOK1 TAO kinase 1: Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- TAOK3 TAO kinase 3: binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009
- TAP1 ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP): Regulates influenza
(and many other) antigen processing Tewari
et al, 2005
- TAPT1 transmembrane anterior posterior transformation 1: facilitates
host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous
Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- TARBP2 TAR (HIV-1) RNA binding protein 2 associates with the viral
polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- TASP1 taspase, threonine aspartase, 1: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- TBC1D1 TBC1 (tre-2/USP6, BUB2, cdc16) domain family, member 1 : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- TBK1 TANK-binding kinase 1: IFN-a production during RNA virus infection
is mediated by the master transcription factor IRF7, which is activated
upon ubiquitination by TRAF6 and phosphorylation by IKKe and TBK1 kinases
Young
et al, 2011.
- TBL2 transducin (beta)-like 2: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TBL3 transducin (beta)-like 3: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- TBX21 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TCF3 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- TCF12 transcription factor 12 associates with the viral polymerase
Shapira
et al, 2010
- TCP1 t-complex 1 [: binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TEAD3 TEA domain family member 3 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- TELO2 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TF Transferrin possesses antiviral properties Shuratov
and Kosiakov, 1975
- TFAP2A binds to PB1,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- TFAP2C binds to PB1,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- TFCP2 transcription factor CP2 associates with the viral polymerase
Shapira
et al, 2010
- TFDP1 binds to PB1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- TFE3 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- TFRC component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral infection
Lietzén
et al, 2011
- TGFB1 component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral infection
Lietzén
et al, 2011
- THOC4 THO complex 4 (ALY/REF) associates with viral mRNA Bier
et al, 2011
- TICAM1 toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 1: binds to PB2,NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- TIMM44 translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 44 homolog : siRNA
knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TIMM50 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TIPIN TIMELESS interacting protein (Ex FLJ20516) siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TK2 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TLR2 toll-like receptor 2: component of the macrophage inflammasome
during viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- TLR3 toll-like receptor 3: regulates the immune response to influenza
infection Guillot
et al, 2005
- TLR4 toll-like receptor 4 : TLR4 knockout protects mice from H1N1
influenza A virus-induced lethality Nhu
et al, 2010
- TLR7 TLR7 and MYD88 control interferon production in response to the
virus Diebold
et al, 2004
- TLR8 component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral infection
Lietzén
et al, 2011
- TLR10 toll-like receptor 10: involved in induction of innate immune
responses to influenza virus infection Lee
et al, 2014.
- TMEM86B binds to viral PA protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- TMPRSS2 transmembrane protease, serine 2 and TMPRSS4 facilitate trypsin-independent
spread of the virus in Caco-2 cells Bertram
et al, 2010.
- TMPRSS4 transmembrane protease, serine 4 facilitate trypsin-independent
spread of the virus in Caco-2 cells Bertram
et al, 2010.
- TMPRSS11D transmembrane protease, serine 11D (hat) inhibitors were
able to suppress influenza virus replication in a HAT-expressing MDCK
cell model Sielaff
et al, 2011.
- TMPRSS13 transmembrane protease, serine 13 processes the viral surface
envelope glycoprotein hemagglutinin Okumura
et al, 2010
- TNC siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TNF the RNA binding domain of the NS1 protein regulates IL6, IFNB
and TNF expression Newby
et al, 2007
- TNFAIP2 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TNFAIP3 tumor necrosis factor, alpha-induced protein 3: Deficiency
in myeloid cells protects against infection Maelfait
et al, 2012.
- TNFRSF1A tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1a: TNF-a
receptor signalling increases the severity of 1918 virus infection in
mice Belisle
et al, 2010
- TNFRSF1B tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 1b ""
Belisle
et al, 2010
- TNFSF13 tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 13: regulates influenza
virus RNA synthesis from cRNA Sugiyama
et al, 2015.
- TNFRSF4 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 4 (OX40)
Regulates the immune response to infection Dawicki
et al, 2004
- TNFRSF9 binds to PB2,NP Shapira
et al, 2009
- TNFRSF10B tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 10b (TRAIL
receptor) Controls viral infection Brincks
et al, 2008
- TNFRSF18 tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 18: TNFRSF18
binds to PB2,NP siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- TNFRSF25 binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009
- TNFSF9 tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 9 :Plays
a role in viral infection Lin
et al, 2009
- TNFSF10 tumor necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily, member 10 (TRAIL)
an important regulator of infection Brincks
et al, 2008 activated in in H5N1 virus-infected human monocyte-derived
macrophages Ekchariyawat
et al, 2012
- TNK2 tyrosine kinase, non-receptor, 2: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- TNPO1 transportin 1: Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TNPO3 transportin 3 :Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- TOMM40 translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 40 homolog: viral
protein PB1-F2 translocates into mitochondria via Tomm40 channels and
impairs innate immunity Yoshizumi
et al, 2014.
- TOP1MT topoisomerase (DNA) I, mitochondrial : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- TOP2A binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TOP2B TOP2A binds to PB1,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009 binds to polymerase 3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TP53 tumor protein p53 TP53 binds to PB2,NS1,PB1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- TPD52L3 tumor protein D52-like 3 (NYD-SP25) siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TPM1 Tropomyosin 1 virion component (proteomics study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- TPM3 Tropomyosin 3 Virion component (proteomics study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- TPM4 Tropomyosin 4 Virion component (proteomics study) Shaw
et al, 2008
- TPT1 tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1 : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- TRAF1 TNF receptor-associated factor 1 associates with the viral polymerase
Shapira
et al, 2010
- TRAF2 TNF receptor-associated factor 2: binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009
- TRA@ T cell receptor alpha locus: Immune defence against invading
pathogens, including influenza Kulkarni
et al, 2010
- TRA2B transformer 2 beta homolog : binds to the nucleoprotein from
a swine and human influenza virus Generous
et al, 2014
- TRB@ T cell receptor beta locus Immune defence against invading pathogens,
including influenza Kulkarni
et al, 2010
- TRAF2 TNF receptor-associated factor 2 associates with the viral polymerase
Shapira
et al, 2010
- TRAF6 TRAF6 binds to PB2 Shapira
et al, 2009 IFN-a production during RNA virus infection is mediated
by the master transcription factor IRF7, which is activated upon ubiquitination
by TRAF6 and phosphorylation by IKKe and TBK1 kinases Young
et al, 2011.
- TRAM1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TRAP1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TRDMT1 tRNA aspartic acid methyltransferase 1 : Required for viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- TRERF1 transcriptional regulating factor 1: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- TRIB2 tribbles homolog 2 (Drosophila) : siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- TICAM1 toll-like receptor adaptor molecule 1 (Ex TRIF) DDX1, DDX21,
and DHX36 helicases form a complex with the adaptor molecule TRIF to
sense dsRNA in dendritic cells Zhang
et al, 2011.
- TRIM14 tripartite motif containing 14: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- TRIM21 tripartite motif containing 21: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- TRIM22 tripartite motif containing 22: targets the viral nucleoprotein
for degradation Di
Pietro et al, 2013
- TRIM25 tripartite motif containing 25 binds to NS1 Kuo
et al, 2010
- TRIM27 tripartite motif containing 27: Shapira
et al, 2009
- TRIM28 tripartite motif-containing 28 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010 : Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- TRIM29 : Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- TRIM32 : Senses and restricts Influenza A Virus by ubiquitination
of the viral PB1 Polymerase Fu
et al, 2015.
- TRIM60 tripartite motif containing 60: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- TRIM63 tripartite motif containing 63: binds to PB1,NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- TRIP6 thyroid hormone receptor interactor 6 associates with the viral
polymerase Shapira
et al, 2010
- TRIP12 thyroid hormone receptor interactor 12: binds to polymerase
3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TRPV2 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member
2: Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- TRPV6 transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member
6: Downregulated by H5N1 infection in chicken or canine cell lines Balasubramaniam
et al, 2011
- TSG101 – tumor susceptibility 101: facilitates viral traffic
through the cellular endosomal sorting complex Sanyal
et al, 2013
- TSSK6 testis-specific serine kinase 6: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- TTC12 tetratricopeptide repeat domain 12: binds to viral PB1 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- TTF2 transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase II: Binds to
polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TUBA1A tubulin, alpha 1a acetylation increared in infected cells Husain
and Harrod, 2011
- TUBB tubulin, beta class I: Involved in early steps of viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010 : Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- TUBB2A tubulin, beta 2A interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- TUBB2C tubulin, beta 2C interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- TUBB3 tubulin, beta 3 : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- TUBB5 interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- TUBG2 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- TXK TXK tyrosine kinase : Required for viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- TXN thioredoxin: Increased Trx1 targeted to cell nuclei can increases
infection severity of disease responses by potentiation of redox-sensitive
transcription factor activation (NFKB1) Go
et al, 2011.
- TXNDC11 thioredoxin domain containing 11 : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- TXNIP thioredoxin interacting protein: Interacts with the viral polymerase
Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- TXNL4A thioredoxin-like 4A siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- U2AF2 U2 small nuclear RNA auxiliary factor 2: Binds to polymerase
PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- UBAC2 UBA domain containing 2: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
Karlas
et al, 2010
- Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- UBB binds to the H5N1 strain NS1 protein Ngamurulert
et al, 2009
- UBC ubiquitin C: Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- UBE2I ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2I associates with the viral polymerase
Shapira
et al, 2010
- UBQLN4 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study)
König
et al, 2010
- UBR2 facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- UBR4 ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 4 : Required
for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- UBR5 ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 5:Binds to polymerase
PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- UBXD3 UBX domain containing 3 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- UBXN10 UBX domain protein 10 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- UGT8 UDP glycosyltransferase 8:
- UNCX UNC homeobox : Required for viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- UQCRC2 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- UQCRSF1 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- UROS binds to viral PA protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- USE1 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- USHBP1 binds to viral PB1,PB2 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- USMG5 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- USP1 ubiquitin specific peptidase 1 overexpression inhibits viral
genomic RNA replication Liao
et al, 2010
- USP9X Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- USP10 ubiquitin specific peptidase 10 interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- USP19 ubiquitin specific peptidase 19 : Depletion of USP19 or Beclin-1
inhibits autophagic flux and promotes type I interferon signaling as
well as cellular antiviral immunity Jin
et al, 2016.
- USP42 siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- UVRAG UV radiation resistance associated: UVRAG mediates viral endocytic
transport and membrane penetration through interactions with the class
C vacuolar protein sorting (C-Vps) tethering complex and endosomal glutamine-containing
SNAREs [syntaxin 7 (STX7), STX8, and vesicle transport through t-SNARE
homolog 1B (Vti1b)]: Pirooz
et al, 2014
- UXT ubiquitously-expressed, prefoldin-like chaperone: binds to polymerase
3P complex Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- VAPA VAMP (vesicle-associated membrane protein)-associated protein
A, 33kDa : IFITM3 interacts with VAPA and prevents its association with
OSBP, disrupting intracellular cholesterol homeostasis and inhibiting
viral entry Amini-Bavil-Olyaee
et al, 2013
- VCL Vinculin The virus modified vinculin and vimentin phosphorylation
Wheeler
et al, 1990
- VCP valosin containing protein: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- VDAC1 voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (implicated in the mitochondrial
permeability transition during apoptosis) binds to the PB1-F2 protein
Zamarin
et al, 2005
- VDAC3 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- VEGFB vascular endothelial growth factor B : Required for viral replication
(siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- VIP vasoactive intestinal polypeptide: Viral proteins are homologous
to VIP Zhilinskaia
et al, 1991 and VIP increases IFNG production by antigen-stimulated
type 1 helper T cells Jabrane-Ferrat
et al, 1999
- VIPR1vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 1: VIPR1 and VIPR2 were
both found in subsets of lymph node T cells from mice with T cell receptors
specific for an influenza hemagglutinin, after cytokine treatment Jabrane-Ferrat
et al, 1999
- VIPR2 vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2: "" Jabrane-Ferrat
et al, 1999
- Vitamin C: Ascorbic acid weakly inhibits viral multiplication: Dehydroascorbic
acid is more effective and the effects of ascorbate are enhanced by
Fe3+ ferric ions in vitro Furuya
et al, 2008
- Vitamin D deficiency may confer increased risk of influenza and respiratory
tract infection.Beard
et al, 2011
- VNN2 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- VIM vimentin interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- VPS4 dominant-negative VPS4 causes arrest of viruses in endosome-like
populations Khor
et al, 2003
- VPS16 Involved in early steps of viral replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- VPS28 vacuolar protein sorting 28 homolog (S. cerevisiae) binds to
viral M1 protein Bruce
et al, 2009
- VPS33A facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- VSIG4 component of the macrophage inflammasome during viral infection
Lietzén
et al, 2011
- VTI1B vesicle transport through interaction with t-SNAREs 1B: UVRAG
mediates viral endocytic transport and membrane penetration through
interactions with the class C vacuolar protein sorting (C-Vps) tethering
complex and endosomal glutamine-containing SNAREs [syntaxin 7 (STX7),
STX8, and vesicle transport through t-SNARE homolog 1B (Vti1b)]: Pirooz
et al, 2014
- WAS Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (eczema-thrombocytopenia) : Knockout
mice have defective immune responses to the virus Andreansky
et al, 2005
- WDR18 WD repeat domain 18 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- WDR34 WD repeat domain 34 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- WDR83 WD repeat domain 83 (Ex MGC4238): siRNA knockdown decreases
replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- WNT9A wingless-type MMTV integration site family, member 9A: siRNA
knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- WWP2 facilitates host cell resistance to lethal influenza challenge
(Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- XAB2 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- XDH Xanthine oxidase : Viral infection induces 170-fold increase in
ADA activity and a 400-fold increase in Xanthine oxidase activity in
alveolar fluid , a system respondible for free radical generation and
toxicity Akaike
et al, 1990
- XPNPEP1 siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- XPO1 exportin 1 (CRM1 homolog, yeast) binds to the viral nucleoprotein
Elton
et al, 2001
- siRNA knockdown decreases replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- XPO5 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- XPO7 Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- XPOT Binds to polymerase PA Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- XRCC5 X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster
cells 5 (double-strand-break rejoining) interacts with the viral ribonucleoprotein
complex Mayer
et al, 2007
- XRCC6 X-ray repair complementing defective repair in Chinese hamster
cells 6 required by both H1N1 and H5N1 polymerases Bortz
et al, 2011.
- YIPF5 Yip1 domain family, member 5 : Binds to polymerase PA-PB1 Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- YIPF6 Yip1 domain family, member 6: binds to viral PA protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- YLPM1 YLP motif containing 1: facilitates host cell resistance to
lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- YWHAZ yrosine 3-monooxygenase/tryptophan 5-monooxygenase activation
protein, zeta polypeptidecomponent of the macrophage inflammasome during
viral infection Lietzén
et al, 2011
- ZBTB2 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 2: siRNA knockdown decreases
replication Karlas
et al, 2010
- ZBTB25 zinc finger and BTB domain containing 25: binds to viral M2
protein Shapira
et al, 2009 : Interacts with the viral polymerase Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- ZC3H18 zinc finger CCCH-type containing 18: Binds to polymerase PA-PB1
Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- ZC3HAV1 zinc finger CCCH-type, antiviral 1 component of the viral
polymerase Bradel-Tretheway
et al, 2011
- ZFAND3 zinc finger, AN1-type domain 3: facilitates host cell resistance
to lethal influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study)
Sui
et al, 2009
- ZFHX3 zinc finger homeobox 3facilitates host cell resistance to lethal
influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- ZMAT3 zinc finger, matrin-type 3: binds to viral NS1 protein(s) Shapira
et al, 2009
- ZMAT4 zinc finger, matrin-type 4binds to viral M1,NS1,PB1 protein(s)
Shapira
et al, 2009
- ZNF7 zinc finger protein 7: facilitates host cell resistance to lethal
influenza challenge (Random Homozygous Gene Perturbation study) Sui
et al, 2009
- ZNF37BP (ZNF37B) zinc finger protein 37B, pseudogene siRNA knockdown
decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ZNF295-AS1 ZNF295 antisense RNA 1 (non-protein coding) (Ex C21orf121)
siRNA knockdown decreases replication (primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ZNF346 zinc finger protein 346: Binds to NS1 Shapira
et al, 2009
- ZNF436 zinc finger protein 436 : Involved in early steps of viral
replication (siRNA study) König
et al, 2010
- ZNF512 zinc finger protein 512: siRNA knockdown decreases replication
(primary hit table) Karlas
et al, 2010
- ZNF668 zinc finger protein 668: binds to the viral nucleoprotein (Sheng
Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao. 2010 Aug;26(8):1037-41. Chinese.)
- ZNF862 zinc finger protein 862 : Required for viral replication (siRNA
study) König
et al, 2010
- ZXDC ZXD family zinc finger C: Interacts with the viral polymerase
Tafforeau
et al, 2011
- Glycan
microarray analysis of the hemagglutinins from modern and pandemic
influenza viruses reveals different receptor specificities.
- pH modified by channel
-
A subset of antiviral and proviral genes identified by Shapira
et al, 2009
- Antiviral
- ADRB2 APOBEC3G ARTN ATP13A1 B2M BID BLNK BMPR1A BMPR2 BTG1 C14orf94
C1GALT1 CABIN1 CACNA1G CACNG1 CACNG7 CADM1 CALCOCO1 CALML3 CARD10
CASP3 CCL26 CDK4 CDKN2AIP CDKN2C CEBPA CEBPD CHMP6 CIRBP CLCF1
CLK4 CSNK1A1L CTBP1 CTDSPL CTH CTNNBL1 CXCL1 CXorf40A CYCS DAAM2
DAXX DCLRE1C DFFB DHCR24 DMXL2 DNAJB9 E2F3 EAF2 EGR3 EIF2AK2 EPHB2
ETS1 EXT1 F2R FAM117A FASTKD2 FBXL5 FBXO34 FLRT2 FOSL1 FOXI1 FOXN1
FZD5 GPR137B H2AFV HCCS HIST1H2AC HK2 HLA-B HMGA1 HOXC12 HPS6
HSPB8 IFITM2 IFITM3 IHPK2 IKBKB IKBKE IKBKG IKZF3 IL1RAP IL27
ILKAP INDO INTS5 IRF3 ITPK1 ITPR2 JAG2 JMJD2B KIAA0430 KIAA1219
KIFAP3 KLF2 KLF7 KLHL21 KLHL9 LIF LIPA LITAF MAL2 MAP2K7 MAP3K2
MAP3K9 MAP4K1 MAPK7 MIPOL1 MKNK1 MKNK2 MRPS30 MYH9 NCOR2 NINJ1
NKIRAS2 NLRP9 NOD2 NR2F1 NRP1 P2RY2 PDCD10 PEX14 PI4KB PIGA PIK3C2B
PIK3R4 PLA2G10 PLA2G5 PLCD1 PLXNA2 PLXNB2 PML PPAN PQLC1 PRICKLE2
PRKACA PRKRA PRMT2 PSMB10 RGS2 RNF44 RP2 RPS6KA1 RPS6KA3 RRP1B
RTF1 RYBP SAR1A SDCBP2 SERPINB9 SERPINE1 SFRS7 SMAD6 SPRY4 STAT1
STK24 SWAP70 SYNPO TACC1 TCF7L2 TDRD7 TFDP2 TMEM110 TMEM140 TNFRSF25
TNFSF11 TOB2 TP53 TRIM63 TTC12 TULP4 UBP1 ULBP3 UROS USHBP1 WNT9B
WTAP
- Proviral
- ACP2 ACSL4 ACTN2 ADAM8 ADAMTS1 ADCY7 AHNAK2 ALG6 AMHR2 APOA5
ARMCX5 ATF2 ATF4 BHLHB2 BUB3 C14orf109 C21orf33 CACNA1A CALCOCO2
CAMK2G CCL3 CCNL1 CCRN4L CFLAR CHAC1 CISH CLEC2B CLIC4 CLU COL1A1
COPA COPZ2 CPSF4 CSF2 CSNK1A1 CUTC CXCL9 CYLD CYP2J2 DAAM1 DGKD
DLX2 DUSP5 EIF2AK3 EIF2S2 ELK1 EP300 EPHA4 FADS2 FAM35A FASN FBXW2
FGFR2 FKBP5 GMEB1 GOLGA3 GPD2 GPR56 GRB2 HEATR1 HECTD3 HLA-A HLA-G
HMGA2 ICAM1 IFIT2 IFIT5 IFNGR2 IGFBP6 IL15RA IL1F10 IL24 IL31RA
IL33 INCA1 ING1 ING3 IRAK1 IRF1 IRF2 IRF6 IRF8 ITPKB IVNS1ABP
JUNB KBTBD4 KIAA0226 KIAA0406 KIAA0947 KIAA1609 KIF2C KLF6 KRAS
LAMA5 LEPR LGALS3BP LIN37 LMNA LPIN1 LSR LZTS2 MAGEA11 MAP2K3
MAP3K7IP1 MAPK11 MAPK13 MFAP1 MICAL2 MTHFD2 MTSS1 NAG NBN NEU1
NF1 NFE2L1 NFIL3 NFKB1 NFKBIA NFKBIE NLRP10 NLRP14 NR4A1 NXF1
OAS1 OASL OSMR PCF11 PCK2 PCYOX1 PDGFA PELI1 PGD PHF20 PHF3 PIK3C2A
PIK3CD PIK3R2 PIK3R3 PLA2G2F PLCD3 POLD3 POLR3B PRAF2 PRKCA PRKY
PSCD2 PSMB9 PTPN11 PTPRU RAB40B RAPGEF2 RASGRP2 RBBP6 RBCK1 RFTN1
RIOK3 RNASE4 RNASEL RNF103 HLA-F-AS1 RPL13A RPL31 RPS6KA4 RPS6KA5
RSRC2 RTP4 RXRG SAV1 SCPEP1 SDC4 SHC1 SKIP SLC1A3 SMAD7 SNUPN
SORL1 SPRY1 STARD5 STK38 SUPT6H SVIL SYK SYNJ1 TAOK3 TBC1D10B
TBCD PION TCEAL1 TCF20 TFAP2A TFAP2C TGFBR1 TLK1 TLR10 TMEM186
TNFAIP8 TNFRSF10D TNFRSF6B TNIP3 TRIM22 TRIM25 TRIM26 TRIM27 UBC
ULBP1 UMPS USP46 WASF1 WASF3 WDFY3 WDR37 WNT5A XBP1 ZCCHC8 ZFYVE26
ZIC1 ZKSCAN1 ZMAT4 ZMIZ1 ZNF217 ZNF512B
Quantitative Proteomic Analyses of Influenza Virus-Infected
Cultured Human Lung Cells Coombs
et al, 2010
Upregulated ABCC10 ACTB AKR7A3 ALB ALDH1A1 ANK3 APOE ATG16L1 ATP1A3
B2M BPTF BTF3 CAV1 CCT3 CHMP4A COL1A1 COPS4 CRNL1 DBN1 DCD DCK DCTN4
EIF1B ERBB4 FAM45A FLNC GBRL2 GLTP GLUD1 GPI GRPEL2 GTF2F1 H3F3A HBA
HBA HBB HEXI1 HIST2H2AC HLA-A HLA-C HNRNPC HORN HSPA1B HSPA5 IFITM2
ISG15 ISG15 KATNAL2 KHDRBS1 KRT1 KRT10 KRT14 KRT17 KRT2 KRT2 KRT5 KRT6A
KRT6B KRT9 LTF MACROD1 MAPK1 MARCH5 MAT2A MST4 MT1X MTMR12 MX2 NCOR2
NFE2L1 NT5E NUDCD1 OSGEP OXCT2 PARVB PCF11 PGD PIK3C2A PLEC1 PLK2 PRAF1
PRDX2 RAB15 RAB4A RER1 RIOK3 RPL29 RPS21 RRBP1 RSAD2 S100A10 S100A4
SCYL2 SERPINE1 SH3BGRL SLC25A12 SLC25A3 SMOX SNX6 SPIT2 SRPRB SRSF10
SSU72 TAF15 TIMM44 TK1 TMEM63A TTC1 TXNRD3 UBE2C VIM VIPAS39 WDR4 ZFP36L1
ZNT1
Downregulated: ABCF2 ALDH9A1 BIG1 CTNB1 DNAJC9 EIF4A2 EIF4G3 ERG7 FUBP2
GSLG1 GTPB1 HECTD1 IGF2BP3 KIF15 LMNA LSM14A MYH14 NDUFS3 NSFL1C NUCB1
NUDT1 NUP53 PPME1 PRKCD RAB35 RRM2 SNX12 STRN4 TACC2 TRAP1 TRPP UNC45A
VKOR1 WDR82 YWHAG
Components of a genomic signature correlating with influenza
disease severity Huang
et al, 2011
ACP5 ADAMTS5 ADRBK2 BVLRA C13ORF18 C3AR1 CIRBP CNKSR1 CTH EGR2 FKBP5
FLJ12529 FLT3 GBP1 GM2A GNG7 GRB10 GSTT1 HLA-DQA1 HRASLS3 IFI27 IFI44L
IL18RAP KIF1B LOC283345 LOC93349 LPAR1 MYOM2 NEB OAS1 PRSS21 RTP4 SLC25A20
SLC26A4 SMAD1 TLE1 TOMM34 TUBB2A UAP1L1 UTS2 WDR41
Components of self-organising maps illustrating the transcriptional
dynamics of Influenza infection (H3N2/wisconsin) Huang
et al, 2011
ADA ADAMTS5 ADAR ALDH5A1 CCR1 CD1C CHI3L1 COMMD4 CSF1R CX3CR1 DDB2 EEF2
EIF6 FBXO9 FGFR10P HLA-DPA1 HOOK1 IFI27 IFI44L IGSF2 LOC442171 LY6E
MPZL1 MX2 ODC1 ORM1 PRDX2 PSAP RPGR RPL22 RPL3 RPS16 RPS3 RPS4X SCO2
SIGLEC1 SPTLC2 TNFRSF1B TXNDC13 WARS
Host modulators of H1N1 cytopathogenicity (siRNA study)
.Ward
et al, 2012
- Proviral host factors CCDC120 CNTN2 GLYATL1 PCTK3
PFTK1 PIK3R3 RNASEK SFPQ SLC36A2 VTA1
- "Death deflectors" C12orf47 C20orf200
CDKL5 COPB2 COX6A2 FAM166A FZD6 G6PC3 ISOC2 KCTD18 LGALS3BP LRRC17
MUC1 NTSR2 RPL35 RPS28 RPS29 SLC5A1 SYT8 TRRAP
- Restriction factors ABCA2 ACTB ACTR8 ADORA3 ANGEL1
ANLN ANXA1 AP1M1 API5 ATP5A1 C10orf68 C11orf68 C13orf29 C21ORF93 C9ORF23
CASC5 CCDC117 CCS CDC2 CHSY1 CTRB1 CYLC1 DDX46 DNAJA1 DOCK5 FAM174A
FANCI FLJ41327 GLB1L2 GMPS GP1BB GPM6B GPN2 GTF3A HNRNPAB IFITM3 IFT122
IGDCC3 ITGAE KCND3 LOC144383 LOC401396 LYPLA2 LYST MCART1 MKRNP5 MRM1
MYRIP NCR3 NUMB NUP85 PLCXD2 POLE POLR2D PRRT3 PTGFRN PYCR2 RGS18
RGS4 RHBG RNF213 RPL21P131 RPL23A RPL27 RPL7P48 RPS3AP47 SCO2 SCPEP1
SELENBP1 SHPK SIRT3 SOLH TCF25 TMCO6 TNFRSF10C TXNRD2 UBE2H UIMC1
VAPB WDR6 YEATS4 ZMYM6 ZNF407 ZNF580 ZNF678
Death effectors ACAP2 ANKFY1 ATP6V0A1 C4orf23 COBL
FAM53C FSCN3 IL10 IRF2 IVNS1ABP LMF2 N4BP1 PIK3R4 RNASEL RPGRIP1 RRAGD
RUNDC3A SHISA5 TBC1D1 TIFA TMEM164 TROAP ZRANB1
Response of primary human airway epithelial cells to influenza
infection: a quantitative proteomic study.Kroeker
et al, 2012
Upregulated ACOT7 ACTC1 ADSS ALDH1A3 ANTXR2 ANXA7
BCAM BOLA2 CAD CAPNS1 CLPB COG3 CTSH DBNL EIF4 EIF4A2 FTL GBP1 GOT1
GPNMB GSN HBB HBD HIST1H2BK HIST3H2A HLA-B/C HMGA1 HN1 HSPBP1 IFIT1
IFIT2 IFIT3/4 IFITM1 ISG15 LGALS7 LYRM7 METTL9 MLYCD MMP1 MTPAP MX1
MX2 NAP1L1 NOMO1 NUTF2 OASL OEF1 PACSIN3 PGM3 PKM2 PPIA PPP4R1 PRO1400
PSME1 RPS6KA1 RSAD2 SAMD9 SAMHD1 SEC23B SNX12 SPBN SRI STAT1 STMN1 TKT
TLR2 TMEM34 TOMM34 TXNDC17 TXNRD1 TYMP TYR6 YBX1 ZNF259
Downregulated: ADAMTS1 C1orf212 COL12A1 CROT DARS2
EIF4G3 F3 FADS2 FADS3 FAT1 FDFT1 FN1 GLG1 IGFR2 INTB4 JAG1 LAMA3 LAMA5
MCAM NUP50 PDCD4 PFDN4 PSMC6 PTPRF RAB22 RELA RER1 RNF149 RPLP1 SERPINB7
SH3BP1 SLC39A14 SNRPA1 SPRR2D TGFBI TGOLN2 THBS1 TNFRSF10A TNFRSF10B
TRAPPC9
The interactomes of influenza virus NS1 and NS2 proteins identify
new host factors and provide insights for ADAR1 playing a supportive
role in virus replication: de
Chassey et al, 2013.
NS1 interactors ACACA ADAR1 AKT2 ATP6V1G1 BANP BCL2L1
BCLAF1 BHLHB2 BHLHB9 BRD1 CARS CCDC33 CENPC1 CPSF3L CPSF4 CRK CRKL CSAG2
CTSB DDX56 DDX58 DHX9 DLG1 DLG4 DOCK8 DUS2L DVL2 EEF1A1 EIF2AK2 ENO1
ENSG00000146666 ERBB2IP FXR2 GAS8 GIPC1 GMEB1 GOLGA2 GPS2 GSN HIVEP1
HLA-B HMBOX1 HNRNPC HNRNPH1 HNRNPM HNRNPR HNRNPU HNRPF HNRPUL1 HSP90AA1
HSPA1B HSPA8 IGF2BP1 IL6R ILF3 ISG15 KAZN KCTD6 KHDRBS3 KIAA1143 KPNA1
KPNA2 KPNA3 KPNA4 KPNA5 KPNA6 LNX2 LRRCC1 LYPLA1 LZTS2 MAGI2 MAGI3 MAP3K3
MAPK9 MCCC1 MCCC2 MEPCE MTAP NCL NKRF N-PAC NXF1 NXT1 PABPC1 PABPN1
PC PCCB PDLIM2 PIAS3 PIK3R1 PIK3R2 POLR3F POM121 PRKRA PTBP1 RAE1 RALY
RPL13A RPL23A RPL24 SCRIB SDHB SEPT1 SNAPC3 SNAPC4 SON SP100 SRP14 SRP54
SSX2IP STAU1 STAU2 STRBP STX5 SUMO1 TARBP2 TAX1BP3 TNNI3 TRIM25 TRIM27
TUBB UBE2I YBX1 ZBTB17 ZMAT3 ZMAT4 ZMYM2 ZNF346 ZYX
NS2 interactors AIMP2 AP2B1 ARNT ATP6V1G1 BHLHB9
BSPRY CARD9 CCHCR1 CENPH CEP110 CHCHD5 COG6 COG8 CYTH4 DCTN2 DYNLL1
DYNLL2 ENO1 ERBB2IP GMEB1 GPS2 HIVEP1 IGHG1 KCTD6 LAMB1 LAMC3 MBIP NIN
N-PAC NUP214 NUP98 PIAS3 POLR3F POM121 POMP PREPL RPSA SDHB SKP1
SNAPC4 SNX4 TFCP2 TNNI3 TXNDC9 VAC14 XPO1 ZBTB17 ZMYM2 ZWINT ZYX
Proteomics Analysis of Cellular Proteins Co-Immunoprecipitated
with Nucleoprotein of Influenza A Virus (H7N9). Sun
et al, 2015 ACTC1 ACTL6A ACTN4 ADD1 AHSG APOA1 APOH ATP5A1 BANF1
C1QBP C3 C4BPA CANX CCDC124 CHTOP CKB CP DBT DCLRE1A DDX21 DDX39B DDX5
DEK DHX15 DHX9 DLST DNAJC13 DR1 DRAP1 DYNLL1 EIF2S2 EIF4A3 ELAVL1
ERH FBL FLOT1 FMR1 FOXK1 FUS FXR1 G3BP2 GAR1 GATAD2B GC GEMIN2 HACD3
HMGB1 HNRNPM HP HPX HSPE1 IGF2BP1 ILF3 INA KHDRBS1 KNG1 LARP1 LUC7L2
MAGOH MARCKSL1 MATR3 MDH2 MFGE8 MIF MKI67 MOV10 MRPS28 NACA NCBP1 NES
NONO NUDT21 ORM1 PABPC1 PAICS PARP1 PBX2 PCBP3 PCMT1 PHB PHGDH PLS3
PPIA PPP1R9B PRKDC PSIP1 PSMA3 PTBP1 PTMA PUF60 RAB15 RALY RAN RBBP7
RBM14 RBMX RCC1 RIF1 RNPS1 RPA2 RPL19 RPL39P5 RSL1D1 RUVBL2 SF3A1 SF3B1
SLC25A3 SMARCE1 SNRPA1 SNRPB2 SNRPN SNU13 SRRM2 SRSF1 SSBP1 SUB1 TCOF1
TECR TF TFAM TMPO TOMM20 TP53 TRA2B TRIM28 U2AF2 UPF1 USMG5 VCP VTN
XRCC5 ZCCHC3
Insights into Human Astrocyte Response to H5N1 Infection by
Microarray Analysis Lin
et al, 2015
Top 20 upregulated at 6 hrs: AEBP1
BEST3
FAM71B
FOS
HGFAC
HTR3B
LBP
LHX5
LRTM2
MCHR2
MEP1A
MRAP
MS4A6A
MYO1G
OR4C46
TAS2R46
TFF3
ZG16
ZIM3
Top 20 upregulated at 12 hrs: CD34
CDSN
IFIT3
KSR1
MPL
MYO1G
OR4K17
OR5I1
OR7A10
OR8D1
RBFOX1
RFX4
RSAD2
SLC24A2
SLC6A20
ST6GALNAC1
TFF3
TTLL6
ZFP57
Top 20 upregulated at 24 hrs: BATF2 BST2 CXCL10 CXCL11 DDX58 FOSB IFI44L
IFIT1 IFIT2 IFIT3 MX1 MX2 OAS1 OAS2 OASL RTP4 SAMD9 USP18 VPREB1
The viral theory of schizophrenia revisited: Abnormal placental gene
expression and structural changes with lack of evidence of H1N1 viral
presence in placentae of infected mice or brains of exposed offspring
Fatemi
et al, 2012
Placental genes significantly altered by prenatal viral infection on
E7 1700064N11RIK 2010005J08RIK 2210404J11RIK 3100002L24RIK 3830406C13RIK
4930534B04RIK 4933416O17RIK 9530010C24RIK ACYP1 ADAMTS5 AI043046 ANXA8
AP1G1 ARAF ARFGEF1 ARHGAP18 ARL4A ASB3 ATG5 ATP2B1 ATP5J2 ATRX ATXN1L
BAG1 BCAP31 BCL10 BTF3 C530028O21RIK CAPN7 CD99 CDC23 CLIC5 CRKRS CSDE1
CTHRC1 CTNND1 D17ERTD663E DALRD3 DCAF4 DDX3Y DMKN DYNLT3 E030016H06RIK
EBF1 EDN2 EGFR EIF2C3 ENDOG ENTPD7 ERO1L EWSR1 EXOSC9 F2R FAM168A FAM76B
FBXO30 FOXO3 FYN GALT GIT1 GKN1 GM11517 GNG12 GNPNAT1 GP49A GPIHBP1
GPRC5C GRIA1 GTF2H4 GTF3C6 HEATR6 HES1 HNRNPAB HR HS1BP3 HSD17B4 HSPB7
IGFBP3 INTS6 KDM5A KDSR KIF5B LMAN1 LRAT LRIG2 MAD2L2 MAGOH MALL MED19
MEF2C MFHAS1 MGRN1 MIF MMACHC MNT MRPL30 MRPS30 MSLN MTERFD2 NAT6 NCAPH2
NCSTN NLGN2 NUB1 NUDT3 OGT OVCA2 PA2G4 PDCD2 PDE10A PIAS3 PIGF PIGK
PIK3CG PLEK2 PRNP PRRG3 PSAPL1 PSMD7 PTEN PURA PUS1 PVR QK RB1CC1 RBM39
RDX REPIN1 RNASEL ROBO1 RUNX1 SCAPER SETD1A SETD1B SETD3 SIX5 SLC35A2
SMAD4 STAU1 STRADB SUPV3L1 SUZ12 TAC4 TAF1 TAOK1 TBC1D1 TCEB3 TGTP TM9SF1
TMEM8 TMEM9B TOMM70A TSHZ3 TSKS TTC26 UBA6 UBE2Q1 UNKL USP14 WHSC2 WIPI1
XIST XPO4 ZFP260 ZFP318 ZFP36 ZFP51 ZFP800 ZFP869
Regulated genes in the prefrontal cortex CNTN1 HPS1 NR2F1 NTRK3 PF4
GRIP1 or hippocampus PALM2 PTK2B
microRNAs in Circulation Are Altered in Response to Influenza
A Virus Infection in Humans Tambya
et al, 2013
Downregulated targets of the microRNA's ANKRD52 ATP5A1 FOXN3
Upregulated targets of the microRNA's AP1G1 BRD4 CACNB3 DLG5 EIF2C1 KLF12
NAV1 NF1B PAX2 PTEN TANC2
Global Reprogramming of Host SUMOylation during Influenza Virus
Infection. Domingues
et al, 2015
Increased SUMOylation: BLM CDC73 CHD8 CPSF1 CPSF2 CTR9
DAXX FIP1L1 HIPK2 HTATSF1 LEO1 PAF1 PIK3C2A SFPQ SPEN SRCAP SSRP1 SUPT16H
SUPT5H TAF1 TAF3 ZRANB2
Decreased SUMOylation ANAPC4 ARID1A ARID1B ARID2 ARID4A
ARID4B BAZ1A BAZ1B BAZ2A BCOR BPTF BRD4 BRD8 CBX5 CEBPA CENPB CENPH CENPI
CENPO CENPT CHD4 CTCF DDX23 EFTUD2 EHMT1 EHMT2 EP400 GTF3C1 GTF3C4 INTS3
INTS4 ITGB3BP JUND KLF5 LCOR LMNA MBD1 MCM4 MED7 MLF1IP MLL3 NCOA2 NCOA3
NUMA1 PBRM1 PRPF8 RAD21 RBM25 RREB1 RSF1 RXRA SAP130 SMARCA2 SMARCA5 SMARCC1
SMARCC2 SMARCE1 SP1 STAG1 SUPT3H SUPT7L TERF2IP TFAP2A THOC1 TRIM28 ZEB1
ZMYM3 ZNF281
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