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This is a progression from a previous paper posted at Natureprecedings a facsimile of which is available here.
The AIDS virus expresses proteins containing short contiguous amino acid segments of 5 amino acids or more (viral matches or vatches) that are identical to those of many human proteins related to the immmune defense network.
The equivalent viral vatches are often immunogenic, and antibodies to the virus will also target their human counterparts, in effect knocking out the immune system by targeting a large number of its components. Highly immunogenic vatches will create antibodies that tag cells containing these human counterparts for destruction.
AIDS would thus apear to be an autoimmune disorder that specifically targets the immune system itself. suggesting that it may be resolved by immunosuppressant therapy, antibody adsorption and related therapies.
This is by no means a unique phenomenon, and applies to many common viruses, many of which are incorporated into the human genome (See this page for further details)
HIV-1 BLAST versus human proteome RESULTS | HIV1 BLAST vs Human proteome RESULTS Filter query Immune |
BLAST Query | Filter | Human Proteins homologous to AIDS viral proteins | ||||
HIV-1 WHOLE GENOME | None |
AGPAT1 ALG8 ASXL3 ATRN BIK BIRC7 BRI3BP BST1 BTN2A2 CCDC39 CDH3 CHD9 CKAP5 CLASP2 CNBP CNPY3 CTSA DCBLD2 DCHC1 DNPEP DSF2 DSG3 DSPP E2F4 ELOVL1 ERPL1 ERVK2 ERVK5 ERVK6 EYS FAT3 FLRT2 FXR2 GABBR2 GANC GDPD2 GHDC GOLGA2B HTRC5B KAZALD1 ING3 JPH3 KBTBD11 KLHDC5 KLRAQ1 KRTAP4-6 LCN8 LDLR LRP8 MAGI1 MBOAT7 MLC1 MOCOS NAA15 NAF1 NAPIL3 NCRNA00238 NOTCH4 NUMA1 NYNRIN OBSCN OTOF PAQR6 PKD1L1 PLEK PLXNA1 POK7 POK17 POLERTNK2 RIPK3 SCAF1 SLFNL1 SLAMF7 SLC27A3 SHQ1 SMARCAL1 SRRM2 STEAP2 STRC STRCP1 SUN2 SYNE2 TMEM53 TMEM229A TMUB1 TNRC18 TTBK1 UBXN8 VWA3B ZCCH8 ZCCHC10 ZCCHC13 ZDHHC11B ZHDC
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Autoimmunity in AIDS |
Diseases related toHIV-1 |
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It would seem that HIV-1 has been responsible for the construction of most of the major components of the immune system.
Is it any wonder that the AIDS virus attacks the immune system ? |
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immune |
A2M ABP1 ADAD1 ADK AKAP9 ARHGAP31 AOC3 ATCAY ATRN ATP6AP1 ATP6V0A2 ATXN2 BAZ2A B3GNT3 BRAF BRCA1 BRD2 BTN3A2 CA12 CADM3 CBLB CCDC110 CCNDBP1 CDCP1 CEBPD CHUK CNTN2 CRNN CTAG1B CYLD DLL1 DOK4 DSG4 DTX4 EEF2K EFHD2 ELMO1 EMR3 ENAH EPB41L2 EPB41L3 ERAP2 ERV3 ERVWE1 FAS FASTK FDG2 FLOT1 FLOT2 FOXN1 FRMD4B GBE1 GMAP6 GIMAP6 GIMAP8 GLB1 GLIPR1 GNPTABTNC HBA1 HDC HECTD1 HPIBP3 HRG IFIH1 KARS KDM4B KDM5D KTELC1 LANCL2 LAMP3 LPIN2 LRBA LRRC19 MAGEC1 MAVS MBD4 MDFIC MPL MYBBP1A NFX1 NHEJ1 NLRC5 NLRP3 NLRP6 NLRP14 NLRX1 PACS1 PAX PEG10 PGLYRP2 PHF20 PLEK2 RAET1E RBMXL1 REL RNASEH2B RNF25 RNF103 RNF135 SAMHD1 SCHIP1 SEMA7A SMEK1 SRSF7 STIM1 SUN2 4 SCAMP3 SH2D2A SMEK2 STRN TBX21 TLN2 TOM1 TOP2B TREX1 TSGA10 TXLNG ULBP1 UNC5B UNC93B1 VSTM1 WAS ZBP1 ZFAT ZMIZ1 ZP3 ZP4
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HIV-1 | env | None | DACH2 MATN2 ITFG3 CD229 MLL3 COL6A2 LOC57710 TJP1 POU2F1 ZMYM2 PCF11 SETX SLC16A2 SCAP CRB2 OTOG KIAA1279 ROBO1 SIRT1 ETV5 INTS5 GALNS KCNAB1 TCRD | |||
see paper | gag | CNBP POP1 | ||||
gag-pol | GBGT1 NUMA1 TOPORS RBM4 | |||||
gp120 | PLXND IL31RA USP9X TMEM161A | |||||
nef | PLEC MAGED1 USP37 CD32 FCGR2B FCGBP PTPRN2 FAT3 PLAGL2 ARHGAP20 LY75 | |||||
rev | CD14 FLJ54826 B4E2R1 CCDC129 DOCK8 ALX1 ALX4 PITX1 PITX3 GCFC1 HMCN2 LMBR1 LMBRD2 | |||||
tat | CD3EAP CD226 CHD2 MGAT4B RREB1 MAP3K10: RIN3 CIAPIN1 GRIP2 KIF3B SMR3A RNF151 | |||||
vif | CORIN FBXO40 PLXNB1 TBC1D15 | |||||
vpr | OBSCN PDX1 PCIF1 RET FLJ76670 TRAF7 ITK PRSS16 | |||||
vpu | YBX2 ATP6V0A2 TCF25 ATP6VOC FLJ57916 PRAF2 COL7A1 TNFAIP8L3 PIWIL1 HLA-F HLA-B HLA-H HLA-C IL8 SLC1A3 GK5 |
For the BLASTs of the individual HIV-1 proteins:
The figures below show the antigenicity of several HIV-1 AIDS vatches as predicted by the BepiPred server : Most of the human targets belong to various components of the human immune network ; An immunogenicity index of >0.35 is considered as the cut-off point for epitope production.
For the BLASTs of the individual HIV-1 proteins, matches were concentrated in the following classesand compartments (see paper for details and references)
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